If a particulate matter or soil sample has a high enrichment factor (EF) is it possible for the sample to have a low contamination factor (CF)?
Example
From the calculations of a result, it was obtained EF >20 (very high enrichment) and CF < 2 (moderate contamination).
Thanks
Francis
The Enrichment Factor (EF) in metals and Geoaccumulation Index are indicators used to assess the presence and intensity of anthropogenic contaminant deposition on surface soil. These indexes of potential contamination are calculated by the normalization of one metal concentration in the topsoil respect to the concentration of a reference
element.
Article Soil contamination evaluation by Enrichment Factor (EF) and ...
EF is the relative abundance of a chemical element to the baseline values after normalization the effect of grain size variation between the areas.On the other hand, CF is the relative abundance of a chemical element to the base line value only without normalization.Hence, these values may be different.
In ecological risk assessment,contamination factor demonstrated moderate contamination by Co, Sr. and high contamination Cd, Cu and Pb; geoaccumulation index indicated heavy to extreme contamination by Cd and heavy contamination by Pb; enrichment factor revealed. significant enrichment by Co, Cr. Cu, Mn, Sr and Zn and extreme enrichment by Cd and Pb. Generally the method of contamination factor ( CF ) evaluates the enrichment in metals in relationship with characteristics of the substrate. For more details consult http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/481324
https://www.tandfonline.com
Article Use of Enrichment, and Contamination Factors Together with G...
Conference Paper Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Balok Rive...
The parameter of CF was determined to express the level of metal contamination in surface sediment. CF= Cmetal/Cbackground
where CMetal is the concentration of a given metal in the sediment and CBackground is a metal concentration of a control sample.
For details please follow above mentioned two articles.
I appreciate you all for taking part of your precious time to assist with your answers. Thank you
Prof., Ortiz-Oliveros
Thanks for your assistance. Can you assist with the copies of the papers recommended as I cannot get them free. Here is my email [email protected].
Francis
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