What are the possible laboratory procedures for extracting the following from medicinal plants (1) phenolic rich fraction (2) terpenoid rich fraction and (3) alkaloid rich fraction?
My earnest appreciation in advance.
Methanol/water or acetone is good options for extraction of phenolics.
For terpenoids, commonly used non-polar extractants include hexane, chloroform, cyclohexane. See the following paper for more detail:
Chapter Extraction and Analysis of Terpenes/Terpenoids: Extraction a...
For alkaloids, because of structural diversity of this class, there is no single extraction protocol. You may be able to find dozens of extraction methods for your compounds of interest in the literature.
Hello Fasan Israel,
Extraction is depend on the purpose of your objective.
Here, my question is whether you want to isolate or you want to check for the activity for the fractions of rich components containing Terpenoid, Phenolics and Alkaloids etc.,
If in case of isolation is the objective of your interest doing extraction of rich fractions containing phenolics, Terpenoid and/or Alkaloids fractionsetc.,
You may go for Hydro distillation of plant materials also for in case of Terpinoids rich fraction, as they are volatile in nature besides doing extractions with non polar solvents as said by Dr. Danh C Vu.
In case of phenolic rich fractions want to isolate, go with alkali solvent extraction and/or basic aqueous extraction (as they are week acids) and neutralize and re-extract with organic solvents to have your phenolic rich fractions.
In case of Alkaloid rich fractions to isolate , go with acidic solvent extraction (acetic acid) and /or acidic aqueous extractions (as they are basic nature) neutralize re-extract with organic solvents to have you alkaloids rich fraction.
All the best.
Methanol, Ethanol/water or acetone is good options for extraction of phenolic compunds.
For terpenoids, hexane, benzene, chloroform, cyclohexane.
Alkaloids and their salts can be isolated from aqueous solutions with many reagents.
Much appreciation to Dr Sabir and Dr Venkata. Regards to the family
Moreover, do I need to defat the plant sample, before extracting of phenolic rich fraction using the non polar solvent e.g acetone? And thanks to everyone.
yes, always better to extract with non-polar solvents first and then choose solvent accordingly with the choice of your component of interest to extract
Dear Dr Venkata,
Then, which of the class do fatty phytoconstituents usually extracted with hexane/pet ether belong within the following,
Alkaloid, phenolics and terpenoid?
Petroleum ether, which is a mixture of pentane and hexane, it is more non-polar to defat the matrix and to extract the fatty matters. Both hexane and pet ether are more or same for extraction of fatty phytoconstituents.
Yes, a rightful thought, Dr Venkata. However, my query hasn't been given an appropriate response.
I recap. is fatty phytoconstituets being extracted with hexane or pet ether, classified as alkaloid , phenolics or terpenoid?
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