As in cancer therapy contains previous following therapies are available like surgery, radiotherapy, anticancer drugs but new check point therapy has been added by two Nobel scientists which is immune checkpoint therapy which is fourth pillar of the treatment of cancers, so, what are its uses up till now and what will be emerging combinations and further discoveries of new drugs from this new pillar, what is overall discussion over these era, As T cells are involved over in induction of autoimmune diseases and also involved in cancer promotion, so these new checkpoint therapy will help in removing many of the cancers in the world. hope so, highlight some review articles or articles about new Pillar of treatment.
Hi Abdul,
Immunotherapy strategies can be divided into two major groups. The first group aims to enhance host anti-tumour capacity that may be suppressed by immune suppression mechanism. This strategy assumes an innate pre-existing capacity to enhance host immune response that the tumour may already have avoided.
In my speciality of head & neck oncology, this allows an anti-tumour inflammatory phenotype in NPC. Examples of this process include the immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4) and antibodies to disinhibit the immune response against cancer. Vaccines have also been developed to attempt to stimulate a host immune response.
The second group involves therapeutic strategies such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes and cytokine induced killer cells that directly and preferentially target cancer cells. Chemotherapy and radiation can stimulate immunogenic cell death and this is increasingly being studied and understood for use with other immunotherapy strategies.
In the space of 18 months, four separate phase I-II trials report the potential of anti-PD1 treatment for patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Within the observed groups, camrelizumab combination therapy achieved the best clinical outcome but this was associated with a relatively high rate of grade 3 or 4 adverse events. In addition, the camrelizumab combination therapy group may not be strictly comparable to the other regimes – the latter trials recruited patients who failed to respond to primary chemotherapy and thus may be skewed towards a more resistant phenotype.
Hope this helps
Liam Masterson