We are need a reference to research method of R&D, mainly from Borg & Gall. If anyone can help us this trouble?

Entiendo que es un método de investigación de aplicación general para crear conocimiento o hacer descubrimientos en todas las disciplinas del conocimiento científico, pero de gran utilidad para las ciencias sociales y la educación.

La parte fundamental del método es en primer lugar responder a una pregunta de investigación, es decir plantear en forma interrogativa un problema y darle respuesta tentativa con una suposición, en nuestro caso, una Hipótesis.

La Formulación de Hipótesis por tanto es fundamental en todo tipo de investigación y en particular en las ciencias sociales y en la educación.

Las hipótesis pueden ser Inductivas o Deductivas. Inductivas según se privilegie la observación y medición de las variables, y una vez con resultados, hacer después inferencias y por inducción establecer hipótesis nuevas y nuevas teorías; o de tipo Deductivo si se parte de conocimientos científicos ya aceptados y por razonamiento lógico y haciendo uso de silogismos, llegar a conclusiones que serían la parte medular de nuevos conocimientos.
Prefiero y hay consenso en el método hipotético-deductivo para la formulación de hipótesis; esto es llegar a ellas por medio de la Inducción y la Deducción.
También existe el método del materialismo dialéctico, donde premisas, conceptos o conocimientos aceptados por parte de la sociedad o la comunidad científica se exponen como Tesis. Otro grupo que maneja otro tipo de verdades científicas, a veces complementarias o totalmente contrarias las exponen en forma de Antitesis. Se establece una red de discusión y argumentación (como frecuentemente sucede en los grupos de discusión de Research Gate) para llegar finalmente por consenso a un nuevo nivel de conocimiento, la Síntesis. Núcleo de una nueva verdad científica, un nuevo conocimiento o primordio para formular nuevas hipótesis y nuevas teorías.
Método mixto, utilizado frecuentemente por quien esto escribe. Combinación afortunada de las fortalezas del método Hipotético.Deductivo y del método de la discusión argumentación, contrastando Tesis y Antitesis para llegar a una Síntesis.

Al tener ya formulada la hipótesis, esta será una suposición con bases científicas, estaremos ante la llamada Hipótesis General. El siguiente paso es trasladar la suposición así construida al mundo tangible del diseño de investigación, variables, instrumentos de medición, materiales, procedimientos y métodos estadísticos.

Esto se puede realizar por medio de la Formulación de Hipótesis Estadísticas o también llamadas Hipótesis de Trabajo: Hipótesis Nula o de no diferencias (H:0) e Hipótesis Alternativa (H:1) o de las diferencias, hacia más o hacia menos en los resultados del valor estipulado o supuesto de no diferencias.
A continuación se tienen que identificar las variables del estudio, describiendo de acuerdo al diseño las que son Variables Dependientes y Variables Independientes, luego el nivel de medición; cuantitativo o cualitativo, los instrumentos de medición (en sociología y educación frecuentemente los instrumentos de medición se construyen y luego se tienen que validar mediante una investigación metodológica). Ante de seleccionar el método estadístico para análisis de los resultados e incluso antes de la medición de los fenómenos observados, se tiene que realizar un trabajo teórico conceptual llamado "Definición conceptual y operacional de variables"

Como se puede observar, lo descrito por un servidor, sigue los criterios que Borg y Gall consideran adecuados en la construcción de hipótesis.

Criterios de Borg y Gall, que debe cumplir la hipótesis

) Las hipótesis deben de expresar relación entre las variables

) El investigador debe basar sus hipótesis en la teoría y la práctica

) Las hipótesis deben de ser contrastables empíricamente

) Las hipótesis deben de ser claras y sencillas en su definición.

Anexo un trabajo donde en forma detallada se habla de las características ideales de las hipótesis.

Saludos

Dr. José Luis García Vigil

I understand that research is a method of general application to create knowledge and make discoveries in all fields of scientific knowledge, but very useful for social sciences and education.

The core of the method is to first answer a research question, ie interrogative pose as a problem and give tentative answer to a guess, in our case, a hypothesis.

Hypothesizing therefore is essential in all types of research, particularly in the social sciences and education.

The assumptions can be Inductive or Deductive. Inductive according to the observation and measurement of the variables is cutthroat, and once with results, make inferences and after induction establish new theories and new hypotheses; or if Deductive type of already accepted scientific knowledge and logical reasoning, and using syllogisms, reach conclusions that would be the core of new knowledge.
I prefer and no consensus on the hypothetical-deductive method for formulating hypotheses; this is to them through induction and deduction.
There is also the method of dialectical materialism, where premises, concepts or knowledge accepted by society and the scientific community are exposed as Thesis. Another group that manages other scientific truths, sometimes complementary or totally contrary expose them as Antitesis. a network of discussion and argument is established (as often occurs in discussion groups Research Gate) to finally reach consensus on a new level of knowledge, Synthesis. Nucleus of a new scientific truth, knowledge or a new primordium to formulate new hypotheses and new theories.
Mixed method, often used by this writer. lucky combination of the strengths of Hipotético.Deductivo method and the method of argumentation discussion, contrasting thesis and antithesis to reach a synthesis.

Having already formulated the hypothesis, this is an assumption on scientific grounds, we face the so-called General Hypothesis. The next step is to transfer the assumption that built the tangible world of research design, variables, measuring instruments, materials, methods and statistical methods.

This can be done by hypothesizing Statistics or also called Working hypothesis: Null hypothesis or no difference (H: 0) and Alternative Hypothesis (H 1) or differences, to more or at least the results of the stipulated value or assumption of no difference.
Then you have to identify the study variables describing according to the design which are dependent variables and independent variables, then the measurement level; quantitative or qualitative measurement instruments (in sociology and education often measuring instruments are constructed and then have to be validated by a methodological research). Before selecting the statistical method for analyzing the results and even before the measurement of the observed phenomena are to perform a conceptual theoretical work called "conceptual and operational definition of variables"

As can be seen, described by a server, follows the criteria considered adequate Borg and Gall in building hypothesis.

Borg and Gall criteria, which must meet the hypothesis

) The assumptions must express relationship between variables

) The researcher must base their hypothesis on the theory and practice

) The hypotheses must be testable empirically

) The assumptions must be clear and simple in its definition.

Annex work in detail where we talk about the ideal characteristics of hypotheses.

regards

Dr. Jose Luis Garcia Vigil

Jetty Ramadevi Popular answer

Educational Research: An Introduction (8th

Edition)

by M. D. Gall, Joyce P. Gall, Walter R. Borg

https://4f5b596e1896760cee26952feba4d98034ee9cf6.googledrive.com/host/0B13QNWKlmjyKRTFvR0ktc0MwRnc/hasil_50/0205488498-Educational-Research-Introduction-8th-Edition.pdf

http://gogobooks.link/go/read.php?id=0205488498

Louadj Yacine

Dear Dr Asmuni,

Can you be more explicit please, because , what i understand , you need the classic book about the author Borg and Gall called Educational Research : An introduction, is that right?

Kind regards Louadj yacine

Asmuni Asmuni

Dear Louadj Yacine,

It's true, I'm in need of a classic book (old edition) entitled "Educational Research: An Introduction" by Borg and Gall. Maybe you can help this trouble?.

Thank you very much.

Regards Asmuni

i have the 7th edition, but the size of the book is too big, so i can send yout this book through email, if you give me your email?

Thank you for your help. Email me: [email protected] or [email protected]

Jetty Ramadevi

Krishnan Umachandran

Please check this, it may suit your need.

Qualitative methods of Borg and Gall's (1983) educational research and design (R&D)

https://repository.usd.ac.id/1130/2/106332036_full.pdf

Thanks very much have helped me.

Specifically, I need is a step-by-step of the R & D contained in the classic book: "Educational Research: An Introduction" author Borg and Gall, the old edition (4rd edition or earlier).

Aparna Sathya Murthy

Sorry Dr Asmuni , I guess http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1996-97171-000

will help. Create a login and get the e-copy may be ...

An Introduction to Educational Research- Part One

http://ptgmedia.pearsoncmg.com/images/9780131367395/downloads/Creswell_C01.pdf

Introduction to Proactive Classroom Management

http://ptgmedia.pearsoncmg.com/images/9780135010631/downloads/Henley_Ch1_IntroductiontoProactiveClassroomManagement.pdf

Introduction to Educational Research - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

http://www.powershow.com/view/14d02d-ODM0Y/Introduction_to_Educational_Research_powerpoint_ppt_presentation

Thank you for all.

Oluwafemi Samson Balogun

Thanks Dr Singh Lius for the materials and information

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