Certainly yes, for more good references, consult PAULO HILARIO SALDIVA, research pathologist from faculdade de Medicina da Univ S Paulo-SP, and wonderful professor.
Vehicular emission has a variety of pollutant considered as carcinogenic, such as the PAHs. The IARC, as explained by Agnes Soares da Silva, published some results about this. For example, Benzo (a)pyrene is carcinogenic. The IARC, also, reported that the pollutants in the air causes cancer.