To WW3 or Not To WW3, That is The Question!... to Ask Scholars, in light of the devastating Wars currently shaking the World and threatening its Security. What Work of Pedagogy, Explanation, Teaching, and Analysis the Scholars of the World must undertake, to generate Peaceful Narratives likely to promote the Defusing of Current or Potential Conflicts in all Areas under tension. Twelve Paramount Red Spots have been inventoried [1]: (i) Europe vs. Russia (C1); (ii ) China vs. Taiwan (C2); (iii) South Korea vs. North Korea (C3); (iv) Pakistan vs. India (C4); (v) Japan vs. China (C5); (vi) Japan vs. North Korea (C6); (vii) Greece vs. Turkey (C7); (viii) Israel vs. Middle East (C8); (ix) U.S. vs. China (C9); (x) U.S. vs. Russia (C10); (xi) U.S. vs. Russia Allies in Latin America (Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela) (C11); (xii) U.S. vs. Iran (C12). What are the Historical Facts that support these Conflicts? The Ins and Outs that drive them? the Global Security Issues they Involve? Possible and Impossible Solutions to Imagine? What Conciliation Steps should be put in place to Avoid Possible Escalations and Encourage Their Defusing? This Discussion, intended to be Academic, aims to Stimulate Reflections, Analyses, and Opinions, to constitute a Platform for Exchange between Scholars likely to bring about Prospects for Peace in the World.
[1] Ruiz Estrada & Mario Arturo, 2022 "Welcome to the World War 3 (WWIII), Available at SSRN
Preprint WELCOME TO THE WORLD WAR 3 (WWIII)
Illustration from: Explore Ww3. DeviantArt Galery on: https://www.deviantart.com/tag/ww3
The decision to go to war involves complex geopolitical, economic, and diplomatic factors. It is important to engage in open dialogue, seek diplomatic solutions, and promote international cooperation to prevent conflicts from escalating into global wars.
If you are interested in understanding the perspectives of scholars, it's advisable to consult experts in international relations, political science, and history. Scholars often analyze geopolitical trends, historical precedents, and current events to provide insights into potential conflicts and avenues for resolution.
Remember that maintaining peace requires the collective efforts of nations, leaders, and citizens worldwide. Promoting understanding, tolerance, and cooperation on a global scale can contribute to a more stable and peaceful world.
On Red Spot (i) Europe vs. Russia (C1). Masters, J. (2022). Ukraine: Conflict at the crossroads of Europe and Russia. Council on Foreign Relations. 1. Ukraine has struggled to forge an independent path, torn between Europe and the United States in the West and its long-standing ties to Russia in the East.
Summary: The conflict in Ukraine is viewed by some as part of a renewed geopolitical rivalry between Western powers and Russia. A former Soviet republic, Ukraine has deep cultural, economic, and political bonds with Russia. In 2014, Russia annexed Crimea, a part of Ukraine, and it is keen not to let the country become more aligned with Western institutions, chiefly NATO and the European Union.
The research poses and develops the following questions: Why has Ukraine become a geopolitical flash point? What are Russia’s interests in Ukraine? What motivated Russia’s moves against Ukraine? What triggered the crisis? What are Russia’s objectives in Ukraine? What are U.S. priorities in Ukraine? What are U.S. and EU policy in Ukraine? What do Ukrainians want?
Available on:
https://indianstrategicknowledgeonline.com/web/Ukraine_%20Conflict%20at%20the%20Crossroads%20of%20Europe%20and%20Russia%20_%20Council%20on%20Foreign%20Relations.pdf
A very interesting article, published on 16th January 2024, by Middle East Eye, and authored by Jonathan Cook (see link: https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/war-gaza-western-racism-laid-foundations-genocide).
I cite just two brief passages from the article, which I found most reflective and reflexive:
‘It should surprise no one that the prize-match fight for the rule of international law has pitted Israel and South Africa against each other at the International Court of Justice at The Hague. The world is split between those who have crafted a self-serving global and regional order that guarantees them impunity whatever their crimes, and those who pay the price for that arrangement. Now the long-time victims are fighting back at the so-called World Court.’
‘ The peoples of Israel and South Africa still carry the wounds of the crimes of systematic European racism: in Israel’s case, the Holocaust in which the Nazis and their collaborators exterminated six million Jews; and in South Africa’s, the white apartheid regime that was imposed on the black population for decades by a colonising white minority. They are in opposite corners because each drew a different lesson from their respective traumatic historical legacies.’
Thank you Dear Martin Hilmi for these insightful pieces of information on the ongoing justice action led under the initiative of South Africa in the face of the massive destruction perpetrated in Gaza. This concerns, according to the inventory mentioned, the Red Spot (viii): Israel vs. Middle East (C8).
Speaking of the Red Spot (viii): Israel vs. Middle East (C8). This is an interesting paper (Released 3 days ago): Tadj, L., Sidiq, F., & Yakubu, U. A. (2024), "Resolving the Palestine-Israel Conflict: The Role and Challenges for the United Nations, International Journal of Humanities, Law, and Politics, 1(4), 78-83." The research presents an overview of the UN's role in resolving the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and the impact of its policies. The authors wrote in conclusion: "In the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, the UN seeks to resolve it through resolutions and supports the peace process.However, obstacles arise from differences in views and the strong influence of external parties, especially the US. Theimportant point is: The UN passed important resolutions, but their implementation was difficult due to differences inviews. The construction of a wall separated by Israel in the West Bank has sparked controversy and has beencondemned by the UN. The heavy influence of the US in this conflict, especially through the Jewish lobby and closeties with Israel, influenced UN policy and hindered peace progress. The UN Security Council dealt with limitations inresolving this conflict, especially due to the threat of veto power from permanent members, including the US.Although the UN emphasizes the importance of human rights, violations continue to occur, especially by Israel, andenforcement of human rights is often hampered "
Available on:
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In the Same Vein. "As the number of dead civilians in Gaza approaches 20,000, 16 or so times the number of Israelis killed by Hamas’s brutal initial attack, even the Biden administration is growing uncomfortable with the carnage. President Joe Biden recently criticized Israel’s “indiscriminate bombing,” which his aides unconvincingly tried to walk back. Yet the president’s unexpected discovery of a conscience had no effect, least of all on the Israelis. Having long enjoyed essentially unconditional U.S. support irrespective of the human cost, they responded, Et tu! Reported the New York Times: “In public statements and private diplomatic conversations, [Israeli] officials have cited past Western military actions in urban areas dating from World War II to the post‑9/11 wars against terrorism.”To which the administration had no good response. The president’s words look little more than a calculated sop to angry progressives. Explained the Times, “President Biden and his aides have been careful not to even hint in public that Israel could be violating any laws of war. And the State Department continues to approve sales of weapons to Israel while refraining from making any assessments of the legality of Israel’s actions.”In practice, Biden and those around him care little about other peoples’ lives..."
Excerpts from:
Bandow, D., 2023. America’s Wars on Civilians: Examples that Keep on Killing, Cato Institute. United States of America.
Retrieved from https://policycommons.net/artifacts/11125130/americas-wars-on-civilians/12003934/ on 19 Jan 2024. CID: 20.500.12592/qnk9f0f
Jamel Chahed thank you for the information on the inventory. Most interested. The article i shared by Cook, seemingly, is pointing to the fact that the 'lid has blown off the boiling pot' of so called under developed nations and the Israel -Palestine war is a clear sign of this. In the article there is also the pointer to the fact that the oppressed over the last 75 plus year have risen up and have brought with them as a spark a far more general global uprising of the global oppressed, which represent over 80 percent of the global population!
Martin Hilmi Thank you for these reflections imbued with Humanism and a sense of Justice. Humans all over the world experienced throughout History, various forms of inhuman and unjust practices: Racism, Xenophobia, Dogmatism, Insolent Inequalities, Social Injustices, Nationalism, Deportation, Terrorism, Apartheid, Double Standards... are all the more unbearable today as they are instantly visible and shared by Humanity. Among the entire animal kingdom, these plagues are the exclusiveness of human beings, because they originate in the greed of the man who, by nature intelligent, can become stupid. Not the animals.
Jamel Chahed Your words of wisdom resound. The lack of humanism and its disregard are growing daily. We not only see this, but experience it and witness it. To see a so called 'world order' provide this as an outcome cannot hold, not only for the most vulnerable, but also for the less vulnerable. The current conflicts are a sad testimony to all this. Two of such conflicts, among the many, sadly, have been going on for millennia: poverty and inequality.
To War or not to War, That is the Question to Ask Europe. Masters, J. (2022). Ukraine: Conflict at the crossroads of Europe and Russia. Council on Foreign Relations. 1. Ukraine has struggled to forge an independent path, torn between Europe and the United States in the West and its long-standing ties to Russia in the East.
Summary: The conflict in Ukraine is viewed by some as part of a renewed geopolitical rivalry between Western powers and Russia. A former Soviet republic, Ukraine has deep cultural, economic, and political bonds with Russia. In 2014, Russia annexed Crimea, a part of Ukraine, and it is keen not to let the country become more aligned with Western institutions, chiefly NATO and the European Union.
The research poses and develops the following questions: Why has Ukraine become a geopolitical flash point? What are Russia’s interests in Ukraine? What motivated Russia’s moves against Ukraine? What triggered the crisis? What are Russia’s objectives in Ukraine? What are U.S. priorities in Ukraine? What are U.S. and EU policy in Ukraine? What do Ukrainians want?
Available on:
https://indianstrategicknowledgeonline.com/web/Ukraine_%20Conflict%20at%20the%20Crossroads%20of%20Europe%20and%20Russia%20_%20Council%20on%20Foreign%20Relations.pdf
In the Same Vein. Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty, Jan. 19, 2023. West Must Be Prepared For War With Russia, NATO Official Warns Ahead Of Major Military Drills. "NATO has warned that the West should step up preparations for the unexpected,including a war with Russia, as Moscow's full-scale invasion of Ukraine is nearing the two-year mark amid worries over possible political fatigue among some of Kyiv's Western allies. "We have to realize it's not a given that we are in peace. And that's why we [NATO forces] are preparing for a conflict with Russia," Dutch Admiral Rob Bauer, the NATO military committee chief, said in Brussels ahead of the start of the alliance's largest exercise since the end of the Cold War. The alliance needs to be on high alert for war and "expect the unexpected," Bauer said, adding, “In order to be fully effective, also in the future, we need a warfighting transformation of NATO.” German Defense Minister Boris Pistorius also warned that the war in Ukraine could expand to neighboring countries. "We hear threats from the Kremlin almost every day -- most recently again against our friends in the Baltic states," Pistorius told the Tagesspiegel newspaper on January 19..."
Read on:
https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-west-war-russia-nato-admiral-bauer-drills/32783552.html
In the Same Vein. Public Sénat, Jan. 18, 2024, Arms deliveries to Ukraine: a Senate report warns about French production capacities. Senators on the Foreign Affairs Committee are urging the government to step up military support for Ukraine, particularly in the supply of munitions and advanced equipment. Because time is on the side of the Russians, according to their report, the result of discussions with high-ranking interlocutors in Ukraine at the end of December. (Own Translation) "For the senators, the challenge is not only to continue strategic aid, but to strengthen it, "in quantity as well as in quality", at a moment that has become a "hinge" for the rest of the war The Ukrainian counter-offensive launched in June having ended in failure, the parliamentarians report a "feeling of deterioration of the military situation" among their interlocutors met last month. They also warn against the risk of a prolongation of the conflict with Russia, which intensified its bombings in December and which, above all, presents a clear advantage in terms of masses of men who can be mobilized against Ukraine... For the commission chaired by Cédric Perrin, the issue is therefore to respond to a country whose fate will have a significant impact on the European Union. “If we do not help Ukraine to win, we will be next in three, five or ten years,” confided to the senators French in December, Andrzej Grzyb, chairman of the national defense committee of the Polish Diet..."
Read (In French) on:
https://www.publicsenat.fr/actualites/international/livraisons-darmes-a-lukraine-un-rapport-du-senat-alarme-sur-les-capacites-de-production-francaises
First, I agree with those wo see WW3 as what's been happening since shortly after WW2. The only possible solutions are either: A.} get a vast majority of us to carefully consider the real causes of war (systemic corruption, mainly caused by normative mass-stupidity/insanity), then resolving the whole-world-system problem ASAP, or B.} mass-extinction.
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Now, clearly, at the disastrously exponential rate of accelerating climate change, our window of opportunity for succeeding with Option "A" is nearly closed or long gone (given the glacial rate of 'normal' sociopolitical change + the current rate of increase of subliminal corruption). Anyway, who knows? I could be wrong. Yet, even if I'm off by some unknowable margin of error, our odds of preventing ecocicdal dystopia look pretty bad from my perspective.
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However, as usual, most folks ignore or shun and/or try to forget about me and my views & recommendations (i.e., a 7-year global emergency recovery & regreening project, etc.). Of course, you can say that I'm too pessimistic or fatalistic to be realistic. Still, if the consequences of our specie's karmic momentum and habitual collective irresponsibility & net unresponsiveness are taken into account, Lao Tzu's equating of fatalism with realism seems pretty realistic.
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So, seriously, for me, the question is: How do we get 8+ billion people to exchange our ecocidal habits for good, biophilic habits ASAP (i.e., before it really is far too late)?
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I've been doing R&D on that question for nearly 51 years, and I am no closer to finding a workable solution. So far, I can't even get any truly intelligent, compassionate academics & 'public intellectuals' to come together in a creative alliance (devoted to expediting Option A). Sigh... I suspect we are collectively infected with subliminal Death Wish syndrome.
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If you think I'm wrong about any of the above, please tell me, and explain. Ok? Thanks ~ M
Nice discussion. It correlates with other discussion in RG: What is wrong with our common house - planet Earth - and with us not so? Link: https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_wrong_with_our_common_house-planet_Earth-and_with_us_not_so
In his paper [1], Wadim Strielkowski from Cambridge Institute for Advanced Studies UK tries to answer the question "Can the war in Ukraine turn into the nuclear World War III? Using economics and game theory for assessing the perils of the conflict. Interesting analysis. One can read at the End of the paper "In accordance with the logic of the sequential games, President Putin will continue to escalate the involving conflict to the maximum brink of Russia-NATO military clash (or even World War III). This is accord with the Schelling’s findings and his analysis of the Cuban Missile Crisis when the United States and USSR repeatedly escalated a very dangerous situation to get their way. In order to add more credibility to his actions and to raise the stakes even higher, Putin might be combining this escalation with his “Madman behavior” which he already exhibited by making a public announcement and ordering to place Russian deterrence nuclear forces on "special alert" for demonstrating his unpredictability (Rachman, 2022; Pearce, 2022). In the light of all the possible threats this situation might create for the whole world, the option of recognizing Crimea and the separatist republics would appear to the western democracies as an acceptable and plausible concession to the option of unleashing the nuclear Apocalypse.
Conclusions To sum this all up, what would be economist’s advice to those who are afraid that the current conflict might evolve into the nuclear and devastating World War III? Do not panic! The more people in the Western countries tend to panic and spread the wild theories of the probable repercussions of the nuclear Apocalypse, the better bargaining position Russia is solidifying for itself in this conflict. This paper expresses the opinion that both Russia and the West would not be able to accept or to cope with the devastating consequences of the nuclear war. The stakes are way too high and the chances to destroy the planet in the course of the nuclear exchange which would mean the end of life on Earth as we know are too high to be ignored. All in all, economics and game theory unanimously show that the possibility of war in Ukraine turn into the nuclear World War III is marginal. Of course, this does not exclude the possibility of the “economic WWWIII” which involves imposing the unprecedented economic and political sanctions on Russia and the global geopolitical shifts played by the United States, European Union, Russia, and China. Only time will show all eventual outcomes of the perils the world found itself today"
[1] Strielkowski, Wadim, Can the War in Ukraine Turn into the Nuclear World War III? (October 29, 2022). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4261457 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4261457
This is an instructive report on US National Security published by the Congressional Research Service, 2022. "Geography, Strategy, and US Force Design". Abstract: "Most of the world's people, resources, and economic activity are located not in the Western Hemisphere, but in the other hemisphere, particularly Eurasia. In response to this basic feature of world geography, U.S. policymakers for the last several decades have chosen to pursue, as a key element of U.S. national strategy, a goal of preventing the emergence of regional hegemons in Eurasia. This objective reflects a U.S. perspective on geopolitics and grand strategy developed by U.S. strategists and policymakers during and in the years immediately after World War II. That incorporates two key judgments: 1. That given the amount of people, resources, and economic activity in Eurasia, a regional hegemon in Eurasia would represent a concentration of power large enough to be able to threaten vital U.S. interests; and 2. that Eurasia is not dependably self-regulating in terms of preventing the emergence of regional hegemons, meaning that the countries of Eurasia cannot be counted on to be fully able to prevent, through their own choices and actions, the emergence of regional hegemons, and may need assistance from one or more countries outside Eurasia to be able to do this dependably"..
Report available on: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD1161758.pdf
The independent, 4 hours ago, by Oliver O'Connell,Joe Sommerlad, Trump news live: Ex-president warns of World War 3 after deaths of US soldiers in Jordan. Republican exploits tense situation in Middle East to score political advantage at home. "Donald Trump has used the deaths of three American soldiers in a drone attack on their base in Jordan to attack Joe Biden’s presidency, warning the assault by Iran-backed militia leaves the planet “on the brink of World War 3”..."
Read on:
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/donald-trump-trial-jordan-latest-news-b2486599.html
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
"It would appear that in their eagerness to draw on lessons learned from the previous war in order to prevent the next one, the world’s leaders did not notice that not only did the renewed arms race fail to prevent a third world war, but that it in fact constituted World War III". This is the ultimate conclusion (which sounds like a Paradox) from the recent paper by Arie (Leo) Geronik (2024) "The Cold War in retrospect: a continuous international conflict or a world war?, Cogent Social Sciences, 10:1"
Available on:
https://www.tandfonline.com/action/showCitFormats?doi=10.1080%2F23311886.2023.2300527
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
"National capitalism—a merger of industrial capitalism and the “nation” by strong states attempting to modify the former's contradictions through central bureaucracies acting in the interest of the citizen body—became the main form of society after the Second World War, first through developmental states varying from socially responsible capitalism in the United States through social democracy in Europe to communism in the Soviet bloc, with the newly independent former colonies divided between the antagonists in the Cold War. Undermined by financial imperialism in the last four decades, this system is now failing, but humanity is far from achieving a world society to replace it". Excerpt from: "Hart, J. K. (2024). The rise and fall of national capitalism. Economic Anthropology, 11(1), 134-144."
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_totalitarianism
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
Will the water war take place? In a disconcerting paper "The First 21st Century Water War. Features InterAgency Journal Vol. 11, No. 1, 2020", Landreth, J. M. wrote in the introduction: "Dr. Ismail Serageldin, founding director of Bibliotheca Alexandria, predicted in 1995 that wars in the 21st century would be fought over water rather than oil. While an increasing number of countries are experiencing fresh water shortages, Serageldin's prophesy may first come true in his native country, Egypt...". Landreth wrote in conclusion: "a destabilized Nile would have rippling consequences throughout Africa, Europe, and Asia. The proactive posture must focus on coordinated diplomatic engagement of all countries with equities"
Paper available on:
https://thesimonscenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/IAJ-11-1-2020-pg56-64.pdf
How do power imbalances influence national corruption and welfare? "Professor Wolfgang Scholl of Humboldt University in Berlin, Germany, has built a detailed model that shows how and where corruption thrives and the damage it causes to social welfare. The social-psychological, cultural, and economic causes and effects are disentangled, and the ethical imperatives are discussed that support a positive outcome. The model confirms empirically that unequal power relations induce corruption and foil welfare. More equal power relations, signifying a deep-rooted democracy, are a good basis for a healthy society". From Business & Economics, 2024︱Wolfgang Scholl
https://researchoutreach.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wolfgang-Scholl.pdf
On Strategic History. 3rd Edition, 2024. War, Peace and International Relations. An Introduction to Strategic History, By Colin Gray, James J. Wirtz, Routledge, "a comprehensive introduction to the strategic history of the past two centuries, showing how those 200 years were shaped and reshaped extensively by war. The book takes a broad view of what was relevant to the causes, courses and consequences of conflict... with a strong grounding in the contribution of war to the development of the modern world, from the pre-industrial era to the age of international terrorism and smart weapons."
On learning from the past. "Our twenty-first-century global civilization is not the first to face the prospect of environmentally induced economic decline. The question is how we will respond. We do have one unique asset at our command—an archaeological record that shows us what happened to earlier civilizations that got into environmental trouble and failed to respond." This is what this research tries to teach us: "Brown, J. R. (1989). Learning from the Past. In An Intimate Relation: Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science Presented to Robert E. Butts on his 60th Birthday (pp. 343-367). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.". Read on:
http://www.earth-policy.org/book_bytes/2007/pb2ch01_ss4
The essay by Arie (Leo) Geronik (2024) "The Cold War in retrospect: a continuous international conflict or a world war?, Cogent Social Sciences" provides a new insight into world wars of the twentieth century and its international systems. The author argues "that the bipolar system, in contrast to its predecessors, was not ended by a world war because this very system – or more precisely, the mode of operation derived from it, namely the Cold War – was in itself a world war. In this sense it differs from the two preceding international systems." The paper is available on:
Article The Cold War in retrospect: a continuous international confl...
The horrific state of affairs in Ukraine finds roots in a Russian narrative of "National Security" which is of course not that of the EU and NATO. Geopolitics configurations are generally larger than one population (or countries) consideration. Situations today are the result of past general geopolitical decisions. Future situations of war or peace will be the result of today's geopolitical decisions
"To War or not To War, That's the Question to Ask NATO"; i.e. “To conquer without peril; to triumph without glory”, an old French Adage says: (Own Translation). In this Vein, the paper by Klinke, I. 2023, "Of tanks and tankies: What's ‘left’ for geography after the invasion of Ukraine. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 48(4), 811-815" asks among other essential questions: "Why is the plight of the Ukrainians framed in such different ways to that of the Palestinians and why is it more controversial to understand the Israeli occupation as colonial?" and affirms that "The answer surely has to do with a larger and often unspoken geopolitics that whataboutery can help to uncover" The author concludes "...the ethics of Western military support for Kyiv remains tied up with events on the battlefield, the degree of further escalation, and, ultimately, the outcome of the war. It is with an eye on this strategic and moral terrain that we should reflect on the lessons of this war for the geography of war itself. There are still, it should be said, good reasons to be a NATO sceptic. But such scepticism has to be delivered with the necessary nuance, even ambivalence, reflecting the fact that the current war is both a proxy war and a war of liberation." Read on:
https://rgs-ibg.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/tran.12627
When the world does not listen (or does not want to listen) to the wise. “there are none so deaf as those who will not hear” (French Proverb: il n’est pire sourd que celui qui ne veut entendre). This paper "The West is also a matter of culture and history (Interview)", Vladimir Fédorovski, Olivier Petros In Revue Défense Nationale Volume 838, Issue 3, March 2021, pages 49 to 54
Abstract "The West has not proven capable of managing the post-USSR era, to the extent that modern Russia is rejecting a more peaceful relationship with the Western World, a position all the more significant given that the West appears to be questioning the very foundations of its own civilization. There is an urgent need for Western leaders to put an end to this and to find new channels for dialogue with Moscow."
Vladimir Fédorovski born April 27, 1950 in Moscow, is a Russian diplomat and writer of Ukrainian origin, and today French.
This is an outstanding premonitory column by Serge Halimi (Editorial director of Le Monde Diplomatique) dating from September 2014 "The new Cold War": "In 1980 Ronald Reagan expressed his idea of relations between the United States and the Soviet Union in one short sentence: “We win, they lose.” Twelve years later, his immediate successor at the White House, George H W Bush, was satisfied that the task had been accomplished: “A world once divided into two armed camps now recognizes one, sole and pre-eminent power, the United States of America .” The cold war was officially at an end.
That period too is now over. Its death knell sounded on the day Russia had had enough of “losing” and realized that its ritual humiliation would never come to an end, with one neighboring country after another being persuaded — or bribed — into joining an economic and military alliance against it. Obama, speaking in Brussels in March, stressed that “Today, NATO planes patrol the skies over the Baltics and we’ve reinforced our presence in Poland. And we're prepared to do more” (1). Vladimir Putin, addressing the Russian parliament, observed that this was part of the “infamous policy of containment” that the western powers had pursued against Russia since the 18th century (2).
However, the new cold war will be different from the old one. As Obama pointed out, “unlike the Soviet Union, Russia leads no bloc of nations, no global ideology.” The latest confrontation is not between an American superpower, drawing the imperial assurance of a “manifest destiny” from its religious faith, and an “evil empire” castigated by Reagan for its atheism. On the contrary, Putin is appealing with some success to Christian fundamentalism. On annexing Crimea, he suddenly remembered it was the place “where Saint Vladimir was baptized ... adopting Orthodoxy determined the overall basis of the culture, civilization and human values that unite the peoples of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus.”
In other words, Moscow will not allow Ukraine to become a rear base for its enemies. The Russian people, inflamed by nationalist propaganda that is even more extreme than western brainwashing (and that's saying something), won't have it. Meanwhile, in the US and Europe, the supporters of rearmament are raising the stakes, with warlike declarations and a host of assorted sanctions that only increase the determination in the enemy camp. “The new cold war may be more perilous,” warns Stephen F Cohen, one of America's leading Russia experts, “because, unlike its predecessor, there is no effective American opposition — not in the administration, Congress, media, universities, think tanks ” (3). The well-known recipe for every kind of trap..."
Serge Halimi
Editorial director of Le Monde Diplomatique.
Translated by Barbara Wilson
See original column and references on: https://mondediplo.com/2014/09/01coldwar
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
War and Aesthetics: Art, Technology, and the Futures of Warfare , J. Bjering, A. Engberg-Pedersen, S. Gade, C. S. Toft (Editors), The MIT Press, July 9th, 2024. A provocative edited collection that takes an original approach toward the black box of military technology, surveillance, and AI—and reveals the aesthetic dimension of warfare. "War and Aesthetics gathers leading artists, political scientists, and scholars to outline the aesthetic dimension of warfare and offer a novel perspective on its contemporary character and the construction of its potential futures. Edited by a team of four scholars, Jens Bjering, Anders Engberg-Pedersen, Solveig Gade, and Christine Strandmose Toft, this timely volume examines warfare through the lens of aesthetics, arguing that the aesthetic configurations of perception, technology, and time are central to the artistic engagement with warfare, just as they are key to military AI, weaponry, and satellite surveillance. People mostly think of war as the violent manifestation of a political rationality. But when war is viewed through the lens of aesthesis—meaning perception and sensibility—military technology becomes an applied science of sensory cognition. An outgrowth of three war seminars that took place in Copenhagen between 2018 and 2021, War and Aesthetics engages in three main areas of inquiry—the rethinking of aesthetics in the field of art and in the military sphere; the exploration of techno-aesthetics and the wider political and theoretical implications of war technology; and finally, the analysis of future temporalities that these technologies produce. The editors gather various traditions and perspectives ranging from literature to media studies to international relations, creating a unique historical and scientific approach that broadly traces the entanglement of war and aesthetics across the arts, social sciences, and humanities from ancient times to the present. As international conflict looms between superpowers, War and Aesthetics presents new and illuminating ways to think about future conflict in a world where violence is only ever a few steps away
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Art_of_State-of-the-Art_on_Science_Knowledge
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_totalitarianism
Europe-USA: "Je t'aime, moi non plus". Politico, Feb. 11, 2024, Trump says he would ‘encourage’ Russia to attack NATO allies who don’t pay up. White House blasts the former president’s comments as “appalling and unhinged.” "... but Trump's words are forcing Europeans to seriously consider an end to the transatlantic alliance. "These are the words of a serious candidate for president so they should be treated seriously," Polish Deputy Foreign Minister Paweł Zalewski told POLITICO... Speaking at a campaign rally in South Carolina, Trump said that while president he told NATO leaders that he would “encourage [Russia] to do whatever the hell they want” to alliance members that are "delinquent" in meeting the group’s spending targets. “One of the presidents of a big country stood up and said, ‘Well, sir, if we don’t pay and we’re attacked by Russia, will you protect us?'” Trump recalled during the rally. “I said, ‘You didn’t pay. You’re delinquent.’ He said, ‘Yes, let’s say that happened.’ No, I would not protect you. In fact, I would encourage them to do whatever the hell they want.” The remarks seem to suggest that Trump, the frontrunner for the Republican presidential nomination, might not abide by NATO’s collective-defense clause for members that haven't paid enough. Trump's comments were roundly criticized by officials across Europe..."
Read more on:
https://www.politico.eu/article/trump-says-he-would-encourage-russia-to-attack-nato-members-that-dont-pay-enough/
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Europe-USA_Je_taime_moi_non_plus
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
"We are the steak. Europe is the entrecôte waiting to be eaten because we have disarmed ourselves,” warns General Michel Yakovleff, former vice-chief of staff of Shape (NATO), the supreme inter-allied command, guest of Darius Rochebin on LCI (Own Translation). See Video (in French) on:
https://twitter.com/i/status/1756412696499466297
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Europe-USA_Je_taime_moi_non_plus
Just published. The book by Menon, D. M., & Taha, A. (Eds.), 2024, "Cinemas of the Global South: Towards a Southern Aesthetics. Taylor & Francis" engages with the idea of the Global South through cinema as a concept of resistance ; as a space of decolonialization; and as an arena of virtuality, creativity and change. It opens up a dialogue among scholars and filmmakers from the Global South: India, Nigeria, Colombia, Brazil, South Africa, and Egypt. The essays in the volume approach cinema as an intertwined process of both production and perception not divorced from the economic, social, political and cultural. They emphasize film as a visual medium where form, structure and content are not separable. Through a wide array of film-readings, the authors explore the concept of a southern cinematic aesthetics, in particular, and the concept of the Global South in general.
See Also
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Art_of_State-of-the-Art_on_Science_Knowledge
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_totalitarianism
CNN, February 12, 2024, By Jim Sciutto, Trump will pull US out of NATO if he wins election, ex-adviser warns ... In “The Return of Great Powers”[1], which will be published March 12, a former senior US official, who served in both the Trump and Biden administrations at a high level, told me that if Trump defeats President Joe Biden in November “the US will be out of NATO.” “NATO would be in real jeopardy,” John Bolton, Trump’s former national security adviser, agreed. “I think he would try to get out.” Trump’s disparagement of US security commitments extends to its mutual defense agreements with South Korea and Japan as well, retired General John Kelly, who served as White House chief of staff to Trump, told me. “The point is, he saw absolutely no point in NATO,” Kelly said in the book. “He was just dead set against having troops in South Korea, again, a deterrent force, or having troops in Japan, a deterrent force.” “He thought (Vladimir) Putin was an okay guy and Kim (Jong Un) was an okay guy that we had pushed North Korea into a corner,” Kelly recalled. “To him, it was like we were goading these guys. ‘If we didn’t have NATO, then Putin wouldn’t be doing these things.’” Senior members of the administration I spoke to for the book also detailed how Trump came close to withdrawing the US from the alliance, which is a key bedrock of Western security against Russia, in his first term and warn he is likely to go further in a second. “Democrat and media pearl-clutchers seem to have forgotten that we had four years of peace and prosperity under President Trump, but Europe saw death and destruction under Obama-Biden and now more death and destruction under Biden,” Trump campaign spokesperson Jason Miller told CNN. “President Trump got our allies to increase their NATO spending by demanding they pay up, but Joe Biden went back to letting them take advantage of the American taxpayer. When you don’t pay your defense spending you can’t be surprised that you get more war.”..."
Read on:
https://edition.cnn.com/2024/02/12/politics/us-out-nato-second-trump-term-former-senior-adviser/index.html
[1] https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/734287/the-return-of-great-powers-by-jim-sciutto/
Moral: One can only pity Europe from the Atlantic to the Urals, which keeps shooting itself in the feet. The problem is that Europeans know that the trap is closing, and they go straight into the wall, honking!
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Europe-USA_Je_taime_moi_non_plus/27
In the paper [1] by Herman Mark Schwartz, professor of politics and public policy at the University of Virginia and author of many books, explains with outstanding analysis supported by figures why and how the US-EU trade is structurally imbalanced, asymmetrical, and hierarchical. One may read within the conclusion of the paper "What do the issues raised above say about the theories of international relations raised in the introduction? The EU still finds itself in a trade world structured by institutions largely reflecting US interests, in a dollarized global monetary system, and in which northern Europe needs trade surpluses to attain even modest growth rates. ...For realist scholars, security threats from Russia and economic threats from China should motivate the EU to line up with the US. But the EU’s most successful and productive economy needs Russian inputs and Chinese and American markets for growth and profits. These unit-level considerations dampen system-level signals about the changing balance of power. For institutionalist scholars, EU paralysis while facing America’s unilateral changes in trade policy and tariff threats is also puzzling. Institutionalist and inter-governmental perspectives miss how the US ability to change institutional rules flows from a hierarchical global system. Moreover, internal economic interests divide the EU. Profits for Europe’s high-tech and IPR‐rich firms rely on the TRIPs and on integration into US firms’ commodity chains. The US thus finds allies in EU domestic politics who support the global status quo. Endogenous change in the structure of production drives change in the EU–US trade relationship. With multiple industries in flux as the fifth industrial revolution matures and as the sixth begins, the EU–US trade relationship will necessarily change as well....Moreover, US geostrategic attention is likely to remain focused on the Indo‐Pacific region until it becomes clear that China accepts the current status quo. As a status quo, trade-dependent polity, the EU faces hard choices. The US need for allies to help contain China gives the EU leverage, but the Russian invasion of Ukraine revealed the EU’s profound security dependence on the US. Simultaneously the EU relies equally on the US and Chinese market. The subtle difference here, however, is that US exports compete with Europe’s future production, while China’s exports compete with current European production".
[1] Schwartz, H. M. (2022). The European Union, the United States, and trade: Metaphorical climate change, not bad weather. Politics and Governance, 10(2), 186-197. Available on:
https://www.cogitatiopress.com/politicsandgovernance/article/download/4903/4903
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Europe-USA_Je_taime_moi_non_plus
".. a thoroughly excellent book, a magnum opus of genuine scholarship, and a genuine delight for readers" This is what Lawrence Rainey from the University of York wrote about the well-cited book by Barnhisel, G., 2015, "Cold War modernists: Art, literature, and American cultural diplomacy, Columbia University Press".
About the book
Cold War Modernists documents how the CIA, the State Department, and private cultural diplomats transformed modernist art and literature into pro-Western propaganda during the first decade of the Cold War
About the Author
Greg Barnhisel teaches in the English department at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh. His previous books include James Laughlin, New Directions, and the Remaking of Ezra Pound and, with Catherine Turner, Pressing the Fight: Print, Propaganda, and the Cold War
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_totalitarianism
"World War 3, also known as the Third World War, refers to the next possible worldwide military conflict. Iran and the US, plus Russia and India have experienced growing tensions. All the latest news, World War 3 predictions and whether World War 3 is coming in 2016 can be found below. The term world war is used to describe two previous major global conflicts in the 20th Century. If World War 3 starts who will be allies and will battle lines be drawn East and West..."
Read on:
https://www.express.co.uk/latest/world-war-3
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/To_WW3_or_Not_To_WW3_That_is_The_Question_to_Ask_Scholars
WW 3 is a possibility, probably it has already begun with Syria, Israel and Ukrainian conflicts which are laying the field and unravelling the new geo-strategic military alliances.
I dent find any logic in the view expressed in London Express, its purely speculations, India and Russia would at best be neutrals in times of conflict, not enemies.
"The advocacy movements for ecological sustainability, social justice and world peace need to unite for the realization of our common aim: to chart a new human history through substantially downscaling the human enterprise and reorienting it in harmony with Earth" From the conclusion of the paper by Crist E, Lipton J and Barash D, 2024, "End the insanity: For nuclear disarmament and global demilitarization. The Ecological Citizen 7(1): 46–54." Available on:
https://www.ecologicalcitizen.net/pdfs/epub-099.pdf
See Also
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_totalitarianism
Image and Imagination. Excerpts from Möller, F. (2020). Peace aesthetics: A patchwork. Peace & Change, 45(1), 28-54. "...Leonardo, argues that “the invisible and the unseen has, paradoxically, a greater power to activate the power of imagination than a visible image.” Thus, while a visible image has the power to activate imagination, an invisible one has an even greater power to do so: imagining peace cannot be limited to imaging peace..., comparison between the real and the imagined peace or, in other words , between the implemented peace and the “positive peace as imagined by the inhabitants of the post-peace accord society” can help identify gaps and deficiencies in peace accords. The arts and visual culture have been concerned for a long time with questions pertaining to imagination , visibility and invisibility. Photography makes visible that which, while existing in fact, cannot be seen by the human eye..."
Available on:
https://trepo.tuni.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/143515/Peace_Aesthetics.pdf?sequence=1
With magnificent illustrations.
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_Conscience
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Art_of_State-of-the-Art_on_Science_Knowledge
Just published: Ukraine, Europe, and the re-routing of Globalization. By Alan Cafruny & Vassilis K. Fouskas, Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 2024, vol. 26, no 1, p. 1-22. "The dominant Western narrative—now virtually obligatory within its media and foreign policy establishments—asserts that Vladimir Putin’s invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022 was unprovoked, deriving from domestic political imperatives and messianic imperial nostalgia. Yet, while these factors must be included within a comprehensive causal argument, a deeper and more satisfactory explanation for the invasion situates the predicament of the Russian ruling class—and thus government—within the context of the systematic, decades-long project of NATO expansion and a series of specific provocative actions and decisions taken by Kyiv and Washington in the second half of 2021. The United States has consistently opposed integration between Russia and Western Europe. The key parameter of U.S. neo-imperial strategy in Europe-Asia remains embedded in Cold War geopolitics, namely that U.S. hegemony in Eurasia rests on the exclusion of Russia from European affairs and the prevention of a geo-economic axis between Berlin, Moscow and Beijing. However, even as the war may result in a final settling of accounts in the U.S.-Russia relationship and beyond, it has also thrown into increasingly sharp relief the growing conflict of class interests and complex geopolitical asymmetries and contradictions in the transatlantic relationship"
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
The Chapter by Tan, A. T., 2024 "The Arms Race in Contemporary East Asia, In Routledge Handbook of the Global History of Warfare (pp. 491-503), Routledge" is about the action-reaction dynamic of arming involved in the countries of the East Asian Region including China, South Korea, North Korea, Japan and Taiwan. "The rapid build-up of arms and the presence of an interactive element are the essence of arms racing behaviour. In the context of heightened regional tensions between China on the one hand, and the United States and various regional states on the other, there are heightened risks from the security dilemma, including misperceptions and conflict spirals that could lead to war. The danger is accentuated by the absence of effective regional institutions, norms and regimes that could ameliorate interstate tensions and conflicts. The solution to the arms race in East Asia might lie with the experience of Europe during the Cold War, where confidence and security-building measures helped to ease tensions and contain the Cold War arms race. It is therefore imperative that East Asia begins the process of confidence-building which can ease tensions and lead to greater stability."
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/To_WW3_or_Not_To_WW3_That_is_The_Question_to_Ask_Scholars
What can art do? The Essay by Kerr, R. 2020, "Art, "Aesthetics, Justice, and Reconciliation: What Can Art Do? American Journal of International Law, 114, 123-127" discusses "the potential role of art and aesthetics in furthering goals of international courts beyond justice, i.e., towards peace and reconciliation." For this purpose, the author explores "three ways in which art has enormous potential, while also acknowledging that there are associated risks and challenges that might cause us to temper our enthusiasm". Available on:
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/8965A016EB04B26925F6CF16E1BF65B0/S2398772320000240a.pdf/art_aesthetics_justice_and_reconciliation_what_can_art_do.pdf
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Art_of_State-of-the-Art_on_Science_Knowledge
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_Conscience
Haley, N., DeSantis, R., & Trump, D. (2024). Citation metadata. Morning Edition, 16 Jan. 2024, p. NA. Gale Academic.
"JOE BIDEN: Is democracy still America's sacred cause?
DONALD TRUMP: He's a threat to democracy.
BIDEN: We all know who Donald Trump is.
TRUMP: They've weaponized government. He's saying I'm a threat to democracy.
BIDEN: The question we have to answer is, who are we?
TRUMP: We're teetering on the brink of World War III, and I am the only candidate in this race who's up to the task of saving America from every single Biden disaster. (CHEERING)
RON DESANTIS: Democrats want Trump to be the candidate. They are going to talk about all the legal stuff, January 6. That will be what the election will be about.
NIKKI HALEY: Chaos follows him, and we can't have a country in disarray and a world on fire and go through four more years of chaos. We won't survive it.
BIDEN: Nobody told me the road would be easy. I don't believe he brought me this far to leave me...
Read on:
https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&issn=&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA779508613&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=abs
Previous Statement: "To War or not To War, That's the Question to Ask NATO"; i.e. “To conquer without peril; to triumph without glory”, an old French Adage says: (Own Translation). Reuters, February 28, 2024, by John Irish, Michel Rose and Andrew Gray, Macron's Ukraine troop talk shakes up NATO allies.
Highlights/Summary
- Macron floats idea of West sending troops to Ukraine
- His comments spark backlash among allies
- French officials say Macron wants to stimulate debate
- They say only non-combat roles under discussion
- Some allies back blurring red lines to wrongfoot Putin
Read on:
https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/macrons-ukraine-troop-talk-shakes-up-nato-allies-2024-02-27/
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
The recent paper by Dachs, B., Amoroso, S., Castellani, D., Papanastassiou, M., & von Zedtwitz, M. (2024) "The internationalisation of R&D: Past, present and future. International Business Review, 33(1), 102191." discusses the future of the "internationalization" of R&D and innovation activities, via multinational enterprises (MNEs) outside their home countries. The authors came to the idea that "the current stagnation" or the "start of a re-concentration of business R&D in the home countries and/or home regions of MNEs" are temporary phenomena. On the contrary, the authors defend the idea that "The growing scientific capabilities in emerging economies will create new hotspots for relevant knowledge. The imperative of combating climate change and providing affordable clean energy will drive novel research activities. Digital technologies and AI will further facilitate coordination and knowledge exchange within MNEs and provide opportunities for new products, services and enterprises. At the same time, competitive thrust between China and the United States for global supremacy and current major political events such as the invasion of Russia in Ukraine will have a prolonged effect on the relations of countries, leading to politics undermining economics. Thus, disruptions for the internationalization of R&D may emerge from nationalistic conceptions of sovereignty and techno-nationalism which may increasingly move policy into conflict with the global strategies of MNEs"
See
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0969593123000914
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
The research paper by Montazeri, F., Afshar, B., & Yousefi, M. (published 3 days ago) "Analytical of the logic of the verses of war and peace in the Qur'an and Torah. Religious Research, 2024" shows that "the principle of the Torah, which is the ten commandments and has a divine origin, corresponds to the verses of the Qur'an, emphasized in the fifth commandment, do not kill. Also, in the verses of the Holy Quran, priority is given to non-war and establishing peace..."
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace#view=65e320f563d4826e00029067
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The Golden Phoenix: Russia, Ukraine and a coming New World Order, by Hagger, N. John Hunt Publishing, October 2023, "is a grave but riveting read written by a man of vision, a sobering but essential text indispensable for an understanding of the background to the Russia-Ukraine war, including, as it does, scenarios omitted or ignored by ‘official’ sources and the mainstream media. With the Russian Foreign Minister having said that NATO is, in effect, in a war with Russia, and that there is a real danger of a Third World War, Hagger, who once worked for British intelligence, assesses the likely outcome of the ongoing conflict..." From: https://www.nicholashagger.co.uk/the-golden-phoenix-2
Book readable in large parts on:
https://books.google.tn/books?id=P4fYEAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr#v=onepage&q&f=false
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
Genocide, as defined by the US Holocaust Memorial Museum, is ‘ an internationally recognized crime where acts are committed with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group’. (see link: https://www.ushmm.org/genocide-prevention/learn-about-genocide-and-other-mass-atrocities/what-is-genocide). The US Holocaust Memorial Museum provides that genocidal acts fall into five categories:
(Link: https://www.ushmm.org/genocide-prevention/learn-about-genocide-and-other-mass-atrocities/what-is-genocide)
The Holocaust Memorial Day Trust goes further into detail and outlines a 10 stage process to genocide. These are provided here:
(see link: https://www.hmd.org.uk/learn-about-the-holocaust-and-genocides/what-is-genocide/the-ten-stages-of-genocide/)
As is well known, to make a case in science there is a need for hard fact evidence. Thus, taking as a framework the 10 stages of genocide, as provided by the Holocaust Memorial Day Trust, and using some minimal information that is amply available in the public domain, a brief research was provided on the current conflict, 2023-2024, between Israel and Palestine. See below:
1. Classification: Palestinians are animals (Israeli Minster of Interior in a press conference (see link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rlgHztaeoO4); Israeli Tick Tockers mocking Palestinians (see link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_mwcFEpAYkU)
2. Symbolisation: Israeli Tick Tockers symbolising Palestinians in derogatory ways (see link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QihoBuGRVwU)
3. Discrimination: Palestinian farmers need permission to harvest olives ( see link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l44Ksn-PbqE). Wall built in Palestine West Bank ( see link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BYKE8XzRUUs). Palestinians cannot walk on some defined streets in Hebron ( see link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aEdGcej-6D0)
4. Dehumanisation: Israel’s former ambassador to the United Nations calls Palestinians ‘inhuman animals’ ( see link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fr24GcCDgyM)
5. Organization: Planning for the siege of Palestine Gaza (see link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T41doeVtuVo)
6. Polarisation: Israeli song, sung by children, titled ‘annihilate everyone’ (see link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L3oNelks974)
7. Preparation: Targeting civilians (see link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dwCxy4UVqrc)
8. Persecution: Killing Palestinians waiting for aid delivery (see link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ywOzeZl7uIU)
9. Extermination: Total Palestinian deaths: More than 30,000 killed (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68430925); famine in Palestine Gaza (see link: https://www.tbsnews.net/hamas-israel-war/un-agency-warns-looming-famine-gaza-amid-israel-war-801842)
10. Denial: See link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EhFbVjntcvg
The evidence from each of the 10 stages above, points to an active and ongoing genocide of Palestinians.
"The geopolitical success of the Russian Federation in the synergetic war that led to the crisis of NATO and the EU on the eve of a Big War can be explained by the pre-eminence in the application of AI methods, while the leading world politicians "do business as usual" relying on the resources of their minds and advisers." This is the ultimate conclusion of the paper "Yushchenko, A. G. (2018). A Computer Aided Synergetic WW3!. Cross-Currents: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal on Humanities & Social Sciences, 4(4), 52-57." Available on: https://saspublishers.com/media/articles/CCIJHSS_44_52-57c.pdf
See also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Raphael_Enthoven_thinks_that_a_machine_will_never_be_a_philosopher_Do_you_think_so
The paper by Grgić, G., & Nanlohy, S. (released 3 days ago) "Geostrategic Trends and Atrocity Risk: Understanding the Risk of Mass Atrocities in a Changing Global and Regional Context. Australian Army Occasional Paper, (19), 2024" "focuses on geostrategic trends and atrocity risks and offers an analysis of how issues facing the international system—such as great power competition, climate change, and urban warfare—affect the risk of genocide and mass atrocities..."
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
Interesting just-released paper by Beyer, G. J., "NATO Expansion after 1989: An Argument from the Catholic Social Tradition. Theological Studies, 85(1), 162-189, 2024,". Extract: "Pope Francis’s statement about NATO expansion provoking Russia to invade Ukraine raises the question about whether it is legitimate to support NATO generally and its expansion after 1989 in particular. This article argues that the right of nations to self-determination and legitimate defense and the ethic of solidarity as understood in the Catholic social tradition can justify NATO’s existence and enlargement. The author concludes that not only was NATO enlargement after 1989 justified, but it should also be open to Ukraine and other countries in the region in accordance with these tenets of Catholic social teaching."
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_Conscience
"The geopolitical chessboard, as Zbigniew Brzezinski called it, the USA played the “Danish Gambit”; even without sacrificing the Ukrainian pawn, it realises its multifaceted agenda. By using war in Ukraine, it holds its tight claws over the EU, and through this artificial war, it obstructed the market economy of Russia and China in Europe. This is the ultimate conclusion of the Paper: "Kumar, S., & Meena, H. K., 2023, Ukraine war opened the pathway of the new cold war between the United States of America and Russia, International Journal of Political Science and Governance 2023; 5(1): 369-379"
Available on:
https://www.journalofpoliticalscience.com/uploads/archives/5-2-32-250.pdf
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
"Climate change is not only a scientific and environmental issue. There will be economic and political winners and losers tied to climate change mitigation efforts. These realities are putting climate change increasingly front and center on the political agendas of the world's largest greenhouse gas emitters" as indicated in the recent Chapter by Schreurs, M.A. "Jockeying for Climate Leadership Amidst Rising Global Tensions: China, USA and the European Union. In: Biba, S. (eds) Europe in an Era of US-China Strategic Rivalry. Global Power Shift. Springer, published on 14 February 2024. According to this research, "addressing climate change will require an end to the era of fossil fuels and a huge expansion in renewable energies and clean and energy-efficient technologies as well as a move to circular economies and a new and sustainable approach to production, consumption and waste management. Which companies, industries, and states will ‘win’ in this transition will affect geopolitics for decades to come."
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Energy_Renewable_Energy_and_Levelized_Cost_Of_Energy_LCOE_Paradoxes
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Adaptation_and_Resilience_to_Climate_Change_Temporal_Paradox_versus_Chronology_Protection_Conjecture
As reported by many differing media sources in Palestine there is a planned, systematic and ongoing campaign to annihilate educational institutions and educators in Palestine Gaza and West Bank territories ( see link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nLcEt2L4DYc see link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-EGK8DWK-s).
Drawing on the three components of the ongoing Russo-Ukraine war, namely the military, economic, and propaganda wars, the paper by Jakupec, V. (2024), "Zeitenwende, NATO Renaissance and a New World Order. In: Dynamics of the Ukraine War. Contributions to International Relations. Springer, Cham", argues that "the world is experiencing a Zeitenwende—a geo-political and geo-economic tectonic shift on many fronts. These include geo-political and geo-economic encounters, a potential end of the USA-based unipolarity, a rise in global multipolarity, and changes in global multilateralism. The chapter explains and rationalises the proposition that the leading competing players will be the USA and China, as well as a block of Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) countries. Turning to the concept of Zeitenwende, the discussion explores factors contributing to the emerging geo-economic strategic factors brought about by the Russo-Ukraine war and, therefore, the emergence of a new world order. Three aspects are considered. First, the phenomenon of a Zeitenwende from a geo-political vantage point and in connection with the Russo-Ukraine War; second, the impact of the Russo-Ukraine War on NATO; and third, the emergence of a new world order."
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
"Most likely, the main cause of the strong inflationary surge in several countries seems to have been the failure of some Central Banks to rapidly intervene to counteract the effects of overall price increases including key staples. Soaring inflation is continuing to make vulnerable countries hungrier and poorer and, therefore, prompt actions are necessary to help them." Excerpt from "Algieri, B., Kornher, L., & von Braun, J. (2024). The Changing Drivers of Food Inflation–Macroeconomics, Inflation, and War." Available on: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/340561/files/339_The%20Changing%20Drivers%20of%20Food%20Inflation%20%E2%80%93%20Macroeconomics%2C%20Inflation%2C%20and%20War.pdf
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Food_Water_Security_in_Water-Scarce_Countries
The paper by Bryson, J. J., & Malikova, H. 2021, "Is there an AI cold war?. Global Perspectives, 2(1), 24803" documents and Analyzes the "extremely bipolar picture prominent policymakers and political commentators have been recently painting of the AI technological situation, portraying China and the United States as the only two global powers." The paper's findings call into question certain ideas, however documented and claimed. They also illuminate the uncertainty concerning digital technology security and recommend that all parties engage toward a safe, secure, and transparent regulatory framework. Paper available on:
https://www.delorscentre.eu/fileadmin/2_Research/2_Research_directory/Research_Centres/Centre_for_Digital_Governance/5_Papers/Other_papers/BrysonMalikova21__002_.pdf
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Raphael_Enthoven_thinks_that_a_machine_will_never_be_a_philosopher_Do_you_think_so
Released 4 days ago, the book by Kühn, U. "Germany and Nuclear Weapons in the 21st Century, Routledge Global Security Studies, 2024", takes a comprehensive look at Germany’s nuclear weapons policies in the 21st century. There one may read: "Germany's reactions to Russia's war show that Germany is not willing to defend each and every aspect of the status quo that emerged with the end of the Cold War anymore. I would even argue that it gave up that role long before the current war. If part of keeping the status quo, however, is keeping with the United States then Germany will have to adjust its policies constantly to U.S. volatility and U.S. foreign policy failures"
Available on:
https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/88129/1/9781040018934.pdf#page=325
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
Holland, S. (2023). Make Art, Not War, Toward an Aesthetic of Just Peace, In A Pilgrimage of Justice and Peace: Global Mennonite Perspectives on Peacebuilding and Nonviolence, Fernando, Nina Schroeder-van ‘t Schip, Andrés Pacheco-Lozano (Editors). "This edited volume includes contributions by scholars, ministers, artists, and NGO workers from around the world who are interested in topics of Mennonitism, peacebuilding, and theologies of nonviolence. The papers published together here reflect the richness and diversity of peacebuilding interests and approaches within the current global Mennonite family and offer interdisciplinary explorations of peace and conflict with attention to historical, theological, and lived perspectives. The book includes papers based upon research and insights that were shared at the Second Global Mennonite Peacebuilding Conference and Festival (2019) at Mennorode in the Netherlands. The findings presented here are structured thematically with attention to key points of current concern and research—including, among others, studies on historical and current peacebuilding efforts pertaining to migration and refugee care, ecological justice, gender justice, interreligious dialogue, church-state relations, and racial justice."
Readable on:
https://books.google.tn/books?hl=fr&lr=&id=cg-4EAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA114&dq=%22aesthetics%22+%22ideology%22+%22peace%22&ots=YwwYeA8Xo7&sig=PYOQs1bJ6OfORIuNSVa74YXtX4E&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22aesthetics%22%20%22ideology%22%20%22peace%22&f=false
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
Russia's invasion of Ukraine has been a major humanitarian catastrophe. The research article by Cifuentes‐Faura, J. (2024), "Corruption in Ukraine during the Ukrainian–Russian war: A decalogue of policies to combat it. Journal of Public Affairs, 24(1)" "outlines Ukraine's corruption problem during the war, and the main forms of corruption, analyzes the country's performance in the Corruption Perceptions Index, and presents a 10-point checklist of measures and policies to combat and end corruption in the short and long term."
Paper available on:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/pa.2905
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
In Ukraine, War, Love, Olena Stiazhkina depicts day-to-day developments in and around her beloved hometown Donetsk during Russia’s 2014 invasion and occupation of the Ukrainian city. An award-winning fiction writer, Stiazhkina chronicles an increasingly harrowing series of events with sarcasm, anger, humor, and love.
https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674291690
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/USA--Europe--Africa_Je_taime_moi_non_plus
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
In the face of war, not only state actors but also religious actors react and engage in international politics. When studying religious narratives of war, what is not said can be more revealing than what is said. The recent Paper by Katharina McLarrain, "The Silence of the Roman Catholic Church on the Ukraine War, The Review of Faith & International Affairs, 22:1, 97-101, 2024" analyses the Roman Catholic Church’s narrative since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. A striking pattern of silence emerges which arguably has serious implications for upholding international law. Both in an international political as well as a transnational religious context.
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_Conscience
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
In The Same Vein. Reuters, March 10, 2024, by Philip Pullella, Pope says Ukraine should have 'courage of the white flag' of negotiations "Pope Francis has said in an interview that Ukraine should have what he called the courage of the "white flag" and negotiate an end to the war with Russia that followed Moscow's full-scale invasion two years ago and that has killed tens of thousands. Francis made his comments in an interview recorded last month with Swiss broadcaster RSI, well before Friday's latest offer by Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan to host a summit between Ukraine and Russia to end the war."
Read on:
https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/pope-says-ukraine-should-have-courage-white-flag-negotiations-2024-03-09/#:~:text=ROME%2C%20March%209%20(Reuters),has%20killed%20tens%20of%20thousands.
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
In the same Vein. 6 months ago. Aboard The Papal Plane, Sept 23 (Reuters). Pope says countries should not "play games" with Ukraine on arms aid, By Philip Pullella. "Pope Francis suggested on Saturday that some countries were "playing games" with Ukraine by first providing weapons and then considering backing out of their commitments. Francis made his comments aboard the plane returning from a trip to the French port city of Marseilles. He was responding to a reporter's question about whether he was frustrated that his efforts to bring about peace had not succeeded. He has sent an envoy, Italian Cardinal Matteo Zuppi, to Kyiv, Moscow, Washington and Beijing to meet with leaders there. He said he did feel "some frustration" and then began talking randomly about the arms industry and the war. "It seems to me that the interests in this war are not just those related to the Ukrainian-Russian problem but to the sale of weapons, the commerce of weapons," he said. "We should not play games with the martyrdom of this people. We have to help them resolve things ... I see now that some countries are moving backwards, not wanting to give (Ukraine) arms. A process is starting in which the martyr certainly will be the Ukrainian people and that is an ugly thing," he said."
Read on:
https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/pope-says-countries-should-not-play-games-with-ukraine-arms-aid-2023-09-23/
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace/89
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
In light of the war in Ukraine, are we witnessing a "revival of the European Union's drive for strategic autonomy and a security and defense union? And will it lead to greater defense cooperation and integration?" These are questions asked In terms of European Defense Capacities and operational actions by Tocci, N. (2023) in her paper "The Paradox of Europe's Defense Moment, Texas National Security Review: Volume 6, Issue 1". The author writes within the conclusion of the paper: "The headwinds against E.U. defense have always been strong. War in Ukraine has paradoxically made them stronger. Today, the increase in Europe's demand for defense is not driving a parallel surge in European supply, but rather it is increasing European dependence on the United States. This does not bode well either for European or U.S. security and could add to the trans-Atlantic tensions brewing over the Inflation Reduction Act.39 A handful of Americans recognize this, seeing that it is in Washington's best interest to make Europe an ever more indispensable defense partner rather than being indispensable to Europe's defense. The European Union will never become primarily responsible for collective defense, but it can help develop full-spectrum forces that will enable European countries to contribute more to territorial defense in the context of NATO. Unless the European Union and the United States work together, European defense will not become a reality, to the detriment of both"
Paper available on:
https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/1afa364a-ad07-49db-a338-2c9396394567/content
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Sciences_Paradoxes
https://www.researchgate.net/post/To_WW3_or_Not_To_WW3_That_is_The_Question_to_Ask_Scholars
The recent paper by Roman Tesliuk (National Museum of the Holodomor-Genocide, Ukraine), "Demographic Sustainability of Ukraine and Its Changes Caused by the Russian-Ukrainian War. Journal of Population and Social Studies [JPSS], 32, 431–447, 2024" analyzes changes in the main parameters of Ukraine’s demographic sustainability and assesses the quantitative, structural, and territorial demographic changes caused by the full-scale war. Excerpt: "Ukraine has been experiencing a deepening demographic reproduction crisis, manifested in a large-scale population decline and a deterioration in age and gender balance. Using the cluster analysis method, the demographic zoning of Ukraine is carried out. Russia’s full-scale invasion has catastrophically weakened Ukraine’s demographic sustainability. As a result of the war, tens of thousands of Ukrainian citizens died, and millions migrated, which deepened significant deformations in the sex and age structure of the population."
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Depopulation_versus_Overpopulation_Demographic_Growth_Transition_and_Decline_What_else_Demographic_Crisis_or_even_Demographic_Crash
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
Of Energy Geopolitics. "In conclusion, the exploration of the energy geopolitics of oil and gas unveils a complex tapestry of historical legacies, economic imperatives, technological advancements, and environmental considerations." From the conclusion of the paper by Adlakha, S. S. 2023, "The Energy Geopolitics: Oil and Gas to Shape International Relations and National Economies. Energy, 10(6)." Available on: https://ijarasem.com/admin/img/12_The.pdf
The conclusion of the paper continues as follows: "From the strategic importance of oil during World War II to the contemporary pursuit of renewable energy, this research journey traversed the intricate intersections of international relations and national economies. Energy security emerged as a critical determinant, with nations navigating alliances, conflicts, and economic vulnerabilities. Technological innovations, such as fracking and renewable energy breakthroughs, are reshaping global dynamics, influencing geopolitical strategies. The imperative of environmental sustainability, epitomized by international agreements like the Paris Agreement, is now a central force in shaping the geopolitical landscape. As nations grapple with these multifaceted challenges and opportunities, the future of energy geopolitics promises to be defined by a delicate balance between historical precedents, economic ambitions, technological transformations, and the imperative of a sustainable global energy paradigm."
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Energy_Renewable_Energy_and_Levelized_Cost_Of_Energy_LCOE_Paradoxes
Jamel
The alternative energy options are there. Don't you think by 2040 solar energy offers new solutions
Harish K Thakur "Don't you think by 2040 solar energy offers new solutions" It is not forbidden to dream and even less to hope. Let's hope.
Jamel, by 2030 India is going to replace the normal electricity by solar panels. At one time moon was a dream, now even Saturn a reality.
India’s Vision 2030: Innovations Illuminated India's vision for 2030 is a mosaic of renewable energy dominance with a significant focus on green growth to fight climate change and enable energy transition. Guided by the Panchamrit Policy, as announced at COP26, India has set following resolute targets to usher in a renewable revolution:
- 500 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030
- Meeting 50% of its energy requirement from renewable sources by 2030
- Reducing the total projected carbon emissions by 1 Bn Tonnes by 2030
- Reducing the carbon intensity of its economy by under 45%
- Becoming a net zero carbon country by 2070
India's Solar Power Revolution: Leading the Way in Renewable Energy (investindia.gov.in)
https://www.investindia.gov.in/team-india-blogs/indias-solar-power-revolution-leading-way-renewable-energy#:~:text=Guided%20by%20the%20Panchamrit%20Policy,from%20renewable%20sources%20by%202030
The Renewable Energy Paradox (REP). REP is the fact that even though solar and wind may be the cheapest form of electricity in many parts of the world, these renewables may not be the most valuable. The issue with wind and solar is that they are both intermittent which means that other forms of generation or energy storage are required in order to 24/7 meet our energy needs. We are also seeing wholesale power prices collapse during sunny or windy periods. We are even seeing prices go negative (See Graph and legend).
So even if the Levelized cost of wind or solar energy is below the average wholesale power price and other forms of generation, where is the incentive to build out new renewable capacity when the capture price on the market is going to be very low?
In contrast, the most valuable (and less renewable) sources of power are flexible, such as gas reciprocal engines, with the ability to respond to changes in both the weather and demand.
[1] Read more on the six energy paradoxes (Gerard Reid, 2020): https://energypost.eu/the-six-energy-paradoxes-that-slow-the-sectors-progress/
Graph Source: See legend
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Energy_Renewable_Energy_and_Levelized_Cost_Of_Energy_LCOE_Paradoxes
Previous Statement: "To War or not To War, That's the Question to Ask NATO"; i.e. “To conquer without peril; to triumph without glory”, an old French Adage says: (Own Translation). Politico, March 14, 2024, 11:18 PM by Victor Goury-Laffont, Hawkish Macron refuses to back down on possibility of Western troops in Ukraine The French president refused to set limits on a response to Moscow in a TV interview meant to win over the public to his strategy. "French President Emmanuel Macron doubled down on refusing to rule out sending troops to Ukraine during a 30-minute, prime-time television interview on Thursday in which he once again presented the war in Ukraine as an existential threat. “If Russia were to win, the lives of French people would change," Macron said. "We would no longer have security in Europe." The interview, aimed at shifting French public opinion in favor of his strategy of strategic ambiguity, began with reporters from French broadcasters TF1 and France 2 asking Macron to clarify his statements from February in which he refused to rule out sending Western ground troops to Ukraine. The comments caused an uproar both at home and abroad, and prompted France’s top NATO partners, including the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany, to clarify that they would not be sending troops."
Read on: https://www.politico.eu/article/im-right-about-not-being-specific-macron-says-doubling-down-on-strategic-ambiguity/
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
“For almost 73 years, NATO has remained the strongest military alliance in the world through its ability to adapt, expect the unexpected and prepare for it”, said Admiral Rob Bauer, Chair of the NATO Military Committee at NATO headquarters on 13 January 2022. It is evident that to those working on the inside, “NATO has never seemed in more robust shape: engaged in more places than ever before, churning out initiatives at a faster pace than ever and in ever-longer Summit declarations”; however, this is not true to most commentators and pundits on the outside – to them, NATO seems to be in constant crisis and has long ceased to exist, which could date back as early as the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 when the geopolitical conditions that led to the creation of NATO disappeared". Excerpt from the just-published paper by Yanan Song, "Ironclad US commitment to NATO? From NATO expansion to the Ukraine crisis, Cogent Social Sciences, 2024". Available on: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23311886.2023.2282734
As an ultimate conclusion to the paper, the author wrote: "... This, to a certain degree, explains why Trump mocked NATO as “obsolete” and had a long history of denigrating NATO and removing the US from the Alliance. Although the US is now “back” at NATO as Biden assures European allies that the Alliance’s mutual defence pact is “a sacred obligation”, Europe, which sees the image of US leadership becoming stronger across much of NATO than it has been in years, remains unsettled about the credibility and longevity of US commitment to the Alliance, simply because it also understands that the thorny issue of “two-tiered” alliance has disrupted the organisation’s strategic agility and vitality thus affected the US relationship with NATO. In short, concerning the unsatisfactory and even flawed coordination efforts, as well as the growing US preference for the “Pivot to Asia” strategy, which places more focus on the Pacific over Europe, it seems highly likely that unless something changes, NATO will end up just doing less with less."
About the author: Yanan Song is a Lecturer in Global Politics at SOAS University of London. Her research has a strong focus on US foreign policy, with a particular interest in the US commitment to NATO in the post-Cold War period. Her work extensively explores the operations in Kosovo, Afghanistan, Libya, and Ukraine, applying a ‘foreign policy analysis’ approach, with a particular emphasis on intraadministration bureaucratic politics.
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
In her just-published book, "The AI Military Race: Common Good Governance in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. Oxford University Press, 2024", Denise Garcia "examines the complexities entailed in creating a global framework to govern the military use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) by proposing inclusive and humane ways to forge cooperation. Three novel humanist conceptions are introduced: common good governance, transnational networked cooperation, and humanity's security."
Readable in parts on:
https://books.google.com/books?hl=fr&lr=&id=F9nfEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=%22artificial+intelligence%22+%22Peace%22+%22conscience%22&ots=tcYeEEW51O&sig=Dm7eUCBW9aMZarjOel_SRP52m3M
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Raphael_Enthoven_thinks_that_a_machine_will_never_be_a_philosopher_Do_you_think_so
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
The IPC Global Initiative has released a report on the induced imminent famine in Palestine Gaza
(See Link https://www.ipcinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/ipcinfo/docs/IPC_Gaza_Strip_Acute_Food_Insecurity_Feb_July2024_Special_Brief.pdf)
A video cast by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization on the imminent famine in Palestine Gaza
(see link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EPd3co4s-tI)
Just Published "The Paradox of Power, Ukraine’s Struggle, Russia’s Dilemmas and Global Consequences, Chief editor: Dr. Sandis Šrāders, Editor: George Spencer Terry, University of Tartu Press, 2024". This volume focuses on the paradox of power, illuminating how Russia’s deployment of brute force against Ukraine has laid bare not only its weaknesses but also strengths, resonating across a spectrum of actors. "The conflict has revealed Russia’s inability to attain its initial war objectives, exposing deviations in its professed military prowess. Concurrently, the nation has exhibited resilience and adaptability, employing a totalitarian power structure and diverse ideological tools to capture its society. Simultaneously, the West has undergone a self-assessment, recognising its own strengths and vulnerabilities. The revelation of a certain level of complacency with the established liberal-democratic global order, from which the West has long benefited, has prompted a re-evaluation. The realisation that insufficient efforts had been exerted to defend and support this order has sparked a paradigm shift. Despite persisting structural and socio-political challenges, a burgeoning consensus on solidarity and burden-sharing has emerged for the future. The pivotal question now revolves around translating this consensus into tangible action.The overall discussion is thus divided into three themes: Ukraine’s struggle, Russia’s dilemmas, and global consequences.."
Available on:Chapter The Nexus of Cognitive Resilience: Is There a Danger of Misp...
See Also
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
"Ukraine's prospective accession to NATO is considered more than unlikely due to the Russia-Ukraine war, as no state may be admitted that is in a conflict situation, with the NATO summit in July 2023 also affirming that no exact date for membership can be given currently. And since it does not have the military means itself to wage war against the all-powerful Russia, it depends on the arms supplies of NATO countries...and it appears that "Ukraine has become a pawn between Russia and NATO". And Germany is in the middle of it." This is the ultimate conclusion of the just-published research article by Brömel, J. "NATO, Germany's Role and the Russia-Ukraine War–a Political-Historical Analysis, University for Peace Distance Education Published 12th of February 2024."
Article NATO, Germany's Role and the Russia-Ukraine War - a Politica...
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
In these times, when we hear the drums of war beating, it is not superfluous to reread the book by Hallett, B., 1998 "The lost art of declaring war. University of Illinois Press."
About the book: Historically, it has been assumed that war is violence and declarations of war are simply public announcements that serve to initiate combat. Brien Hallett denies both assumptions and claims that war is policy, not violence. The Lost Art of Declaring War analyzes the crucial differences between combat and war and convincingly argues that the power to "declare" war is in reality the power to compose a text, draft a document, write a denunciation. Once written, the declaration then serves three functions: to articulate the political purposes of the war, to guide and direct military operations, and to establish the boundary between justified combat and unjustified devastation.
Hallett sounds a clarion call urging the people and their representatives to take up the challenge and write fully reasoned declarations of war. Then, and only then, can a civilized nation like the United States lay claim to being fully democratic, not only in peacetime, but in wartime as well. "Brien Hallett has fashioned an original, incisive, and powerful argument for the proper standards for going to war. Tightly reasoned throughout and well timed to address the conceptual confusion that now reigns." --Louis Fisher, author of Presidential War Power
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Art_of_State-of-the-Art_on_Science_Knowledge
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
On the paradox of the Gitā. "As Krsna and Arjuna pause on the verge of the great battle, Arjuna asks how killing people—including his own teachers and members of his own family—in order to secure power and fame, can be squared with his religious and ethical convictions". In this regard, the old paper by Sartwell, C. (1993). "Art and war: Paradox of the Bhagavad Gitā, Asian Philosophy, 3(2), 95-102," is an attempt "to explain Krsna's solution of the paradox, not from the point of view of Hindu tradition (in which it has, of course, driven whole movements of thought), but simply as a philosophical problem in its own right." The author argues that "the paradox of the Gitā suggests a reconstrual of the way we conceive the relation of means and ends in our activities, a reconstrual that can be profitably elucidated through the concept of art. This reconstrual has the potential to change our relations to our world and to one another in a way that is deeply life‐affirming."
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Sciences_Paradoxes
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
The two-volume book by Chevalier, J. M. "The Ethics of Courage: Volume 1 & Volume 2, Springer Nature, 2023" debates on the concept of courage from Greek antiquity to the Christian and mediaeval periods, as well as the modern era. "Volume 1 begins with Homeric poetry and the politics of fearless demi-gods thriving on war and explains how competing accounts of epistêmê, rational wisdom, and truth dominated classical antiquity. Early Christian and mediaeval thinkers, in contrast, favoured fortitude founded on faith and fear of God over philosophical reasoning left to its own devices. Volume 2 turns to theories of courage from the early modern period to the present. It shows how the twin laws of polis and physis are at the heart of post-medieval thought. Courage is found at the crossroads of love and dread, freedom and fate, happiness and suffering, as well as power and submission to the ruling order."
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_Conscience
"I want to redefine your question from “What kind of schools do you want to build?” where a “you” is an educator, school administrator, parent, politician, government bureaucrat, taxpayer, employer, etc., to where “you” is a student, learner, or educatee. Or, should it even be called “school”?" This is the ultimate conclusion of the just-published excellent essay by Matusov, E. (Professor, University of Delaware). "The Stand on Dialogic Pedagogy in Our Times of Peace and War, Dialogic Pedagogy: A Journal for Studies of Dialogic Education, 12(1), E1-E35. 2024." In his essay, Pr. Matusov tries to answer some essential questions on the role of Ontological Dialogic Education: How can it address the challenges of our times, and how can it contribute to a vision of a liberal democracy? In responding to these questions, he introduces "a key post-Enlightenment notion of education based on students’ self-determination and dignity."
Available on:
https://dpj.pitt.edu/ojs/dpj1/article/download/598/280
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_Conscience
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Scientific_Integrity_Research_Ethics_and_Higher_Education_Deontology_The_Senior_Scholars_Duty
Just-Published IFRI Report. "Russia’s Ideological Construction in the Context of the War in Ukraine, Russie Eurasie Reports, No. 46, Ifri, March 2024," by Marlène Laruelle, Research Professor and Director of the Institute for European, Russian and Eurasian Studies (IERES) at George Washington University (Washington DC). "After briefly defining what ideology means for the Putin regime, this paper explores how the main set of beliefs, strategic narratives, and doctrines have stabilized and gained increased internal coherence, as well as how new textbooks and military-patriotic indoctrination mechanisms are developed, before delving into the social reception of this official ideology."
Available on:
https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/ifri_laruelle_russia_ideology_march2024.pdf
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
On Culture Wars. "Artists and writers consider a tactical desertion from the “culture wars”—a refusal to be distracted, an embrace of the emancipatory understanding of culture." In this regard the book edited by Maria Hlavajova, Sven Lütticken, MIT Press, 2020, "Deserting from the Culture Wars" poses and tries to answer the question: How are these culture wars defined and waged? "Engaging in a theater of war that has been delineated by the enemy is a shortcut to defeat. Getting out of the reactive mode that produces little but a series of Pavlovian responses, this book proposes a tactical desertion from the culture wars as they are being waged today—a refusal to play the other side's war games, an unwillingness to be distracted. The volunteer troops in the culture wars are often given marching orders by professional masters of propaganda. What, then, might artists and others who are professionally engaged with images and imaginaries, with narratives and assemblies, have to contribute to the collective discovery of different modes of living culture? Far from limiting the performance of culture to a one-sided speech act, an emancipatory understanding of culture needs to conceive of speech as embodied and intersubjective—as a collective performance."
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_Conscience
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
"..These legacies show that it is Thrasymachus paradox found in Plato [The republic. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1930, p47], whereby “the just is nothing else than the advantage of the stronger,” that better describes US overseas interference, if we are to stick to catchy notions from Ancient Greece, or provide more suitable parallels taken from that context." Extract from Shani et al. just-published "paper "Between victory and peace: Unravelling the paradox of hope in intractable conflicts. British Journal of Social Psychology, 2024"
Abstract: The US presence in East Asia is not simply a result of the victory over Japan in WW2, but a legacy of the US takeover of the Spanish overseas empire in 1898. Today, the threat of war between China and the US has little to do with Allison’s Thucydides trap, which is based on a misreading of Thucydides’ work: It originates from what in China is seen as a US imperial presence that mirrors Western interference in Chinese affairs during the so-called “century of humiliation.” China is an authoritarian state with regional hegemonic ambitions, yet the West has been endorsing other authoritarian states, even absolute monarchies, that fit its geopolitical interests. Notwithstanding the purported US support of “freedom” and “democracy,” the US in East Asia has been carrying out a foreign policy that, as an extension of misinterpretations of the Monroe Doctrine, is a legacy of empire. This legacy is too often overlooked, while overseas interests are justified on the basis of security concerns. Thucydides is relevant, but to compare the American and Athenian empires and their demise, not to drag China into US geopolitical discourse, when focus should have long been on Russia. Anti-colonial theory shows how interstate relations, in particular in the East Asian context, are not defined by Thucydides trap, but Thrasymachus paradox.
Available on:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40647-024-00402-7#:~:text=These%20legacies%20show%20that%20it,parallels%20taken%20from%20that%20context.
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Sciences_Paradoxes
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
Artificial Intelligence, Geopolitics, and Military Issues. As a concrete example, the just-published report by Wyatt et al., "Towards AUKUS Collaboration on Responsible Military Artificial Intelligence, Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif., and Canberra, Australia, 2024" About the report: As the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and their close allies face rising threats from China, a key part of their strategy has been to rely on allies and partners to outpace their competitors. However, operating alongside allies and partners also comes with operational challenges and complexities. In this report, we investigate the challenges and barriers that could inhibit or prevent the co-development of artificial intelligence (AI) between the United States and its closest allies and partners. Ultimately, we identified four primary types of barriers to the co-development of AI between allies and partners: conceptual considerations, technical considerations, intellectual property considerations and ethical considerations. We make six recommendations for overcoming these potential barriers...
Rapport Available on:
https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RRA3000/RRA3079-1/RAND_RRA3079-1.pdf
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Raphael_Enthoven_thinks_that_a_machine_will_never_be_a_philosopher_Do_you_think_so
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
On Sovereignty Paradox. The premonitory paper by Eudaily, S. P., & Smith, S. "Sovereign Geopolitics?–Uncovering the “Sovereignty Paradox”, Geopolitics, 13(2), 309-334, 2008," reconsiders the importance of the sovereign state in contemporary geopolitics. In conclusion, the authors recommend that "Political geographers and students of geopolitics have much to gain by taking territory and sovereignty together, as mutually reinforcing spatial articulation of power. Of the many possible research agendas that emerge from such a consideration is to look at the state less in terms of its functional utility or threatened efficaciousness in a globalizing era and more at it both as the result of and continued perpetrator of a specific historical discourse that necessarily leaves both sovereignty and territory as derivative mechanisms of power, rather than subjective exercises of power. Rather than avoid thinking about the state in the contemporary era, geographical analysis would be served well to think about the state as part of a larger problem that necessitates a reconsideration of both sovereignty and territoriality..."
Available on:
https://www.academia.edu/download/53151797/Eudaily___Smith_-_Sovereign_Geopolitics__2008_.pdf
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
On Wagner, Blackwater and other Private Military Companies (PMCs) "What started as a single company in 1965 has evolved into “The Global Private Military Security Services Market.” In 2021 this industry was valued at roughly $241.7B USD, and by 2028 it is expected to be valued at $366.8B." Extract from the just-published paper by Gammons, J., "Private Military Companies and the Law of Armed Conflict: Shining a Spotlight on Invisible Armies, Mississippi Law Journal, 93(2). 2024. Available on: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID4723569_code6495761.pdf?abstractid=4723569&mirid=1&type=2
There one may read: ".. these companies combined have over 625,000 “contractors” (or rather, mercenaries) at their disposal. The biggest PMCs include the Wagner Group, Academi (formerly known as Blackwater), Define Internacional, Aegis Defense Services, Triple Canopy and DynCorp. These companies are based in a variety of countries across continents including the United States, Russia, Peru and Scotland..."
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
The role of emotional intelligence (EI) in conflict resolution and prevention, particularly at the level of international relations and the prevention of wars, is a complex and multifaceted issue. While emotional intelligence encompasses a range of skills related to understanding and managing emotions, its direct impact on preventing wars may be indirect and contingent upon numerous other factors.
The United Nations in a recent report finds reasonable evidence of genocide being committed against Palestinians in Palestine-Gaza ( see link: https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/03/1147976)
For full UN report see the link https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session55/advance-versions/a-hrc-55-73-auv.pdf
In the Same Vein, on Private Military Companies (PMCs), this insightful poignant document by Sean McFate "Mercenaries and War: Understanding Private Armies Today, National Defense University Press, Washington, D.C. December 2019." One may read there: "An Unstoppable Trend: Mercenaries are back, with nothing to impede their growth. To date, Washington has ignored this trend—a dangerous oversight. Mercenaries may not directly threaten the U.S. homeland, but they can challenge American allies and interests across the globe. Annihilating them is a losing strategy. You can kill individuals but not the market conditions that give rise to mercenarism in the first place. Trying to kill your way out of this problem is playing Whac-A-Mole for mercenaries. Unfortunately, other approaches are equally problematic.."
And, the author is to end his analysis with a worrying conclusion. He wrote: "Unfortunately, mercenaries are here to stay. Those who think the private military industry can be safely ignored, regulated, or categorically banned are too late. After 150 years underground, the market for force has returned in just two decades and it is growing at an alarming rate. As the market expands, security will become a good investment and fuel the marketplace in a self-feeding loop. New consumers will seek security in an increasingly insecure world and new mercenaries will pop up to meet their demand. Expect future conflict markets in the usual global hot spots. However, introducing an industry vested in conflict into the most conflict-prone places on Earth is vexing since it exacerbates war and misery.
The re-emergence of mercenaries is one of the most dangerous trends of our time, yet it is invisible to most observers. That is by design. The implications of a resurrected market for force in world affairs are substantial. Offering the means of war to anyone who can afford it will transform warfare and the future of war. If money can buy firepower, then large corporations and the super-rich will become a new kind of superpower. This will rewrite the rules of global order, not seen since 1648. Who, how, and why people fight will change, and there will be wars without states, accelerating global chaos. Like the issue of terrorism in the 1990s, we need to boost our strategic IQ on private warfare or suffer a strategic surprise."
PDF-Document Available on: https://dspace.ceid.org.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1/1587/mercenaries-and-war.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives
Two interesting news short and interview on Russia and Israel
See Link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iX30OQobMXk
See also this link https://www.youtube.com/shorts/7x0GX4OlyRc
Both videos clearly make out accusations and threats from an Israeli to Russia for the events of 7thOctober 2023…………………………………………………….BBC news short on terror attacks in Moscow 7 days ago
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MiVdZ2f4XRc
UN rapporteur who published the report on the ongoing genocide in Palestine Gaza has been threatened
See Link https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ClWk4tBD9cE
An interesting short documentary on how the international legal system is losing credibility and being effectively dismantled by the ongoing genocide in Palestine-Gaza
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ueXEXjqXNvk
The war in Palestine-Gaza is not going well for the Israeli army at all as they seem unable to defeat Hamas well over five months of offensive. In a news short from two days ago, it seems that the Israeli army is considering arming ‘other’ Palestinian ‘clans’ to fight Hamas
See Link to news short: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PxE0rJJc8Co
Emotional intelligence (EI) has a complicated and multidimensional role in conflict resolution and prevention, especially when it comes to international relations and war prevention. Though it includes a variety of abilities linked to recognising and controlling emotions, emotional intelligence may have a secondary effect on averting conflicts, depending on a host of other variables. The idea of emotional intelligence, its possible application to preventing conflicts, and the larger environment that gives rise to wars and conflicts will all be covered in this answer. According to experts like Daniel Goleman, emotional intelligence is the capacity to identify, comprehend, and control one's own emotions in addition to influencing and recognising those of others. It encompasses components such as self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, and social skills. Proponents argue that individuals with high emotional intelligence are better equipped to navigate interpersonal conflicts, build relationships, and facilitate cooperation, all of which could contribute to conflict prevention.
In the realm of international relations, where conflicts between states can escalate into wars with devastating consequences, the application of emotional intelligence is less straightforward. While leaders with high emotional intelligence may be better able to manage diplomatic relations, build trust with counterparts, and de-escalate tensions, the factors leading to wars are often deeply entrenched and involve complex geopolitical, historical, economic, and ideological dynamics.
It is essential to recognize that wars are not solely the result of individual emotional states or interpersonal dynamics. They often stem from systemic issues such as territorial disputes, resource competition, political ideologies, ethnic or religious tensions, and power struggles between states. Moreover, decisions leading to war are often made collectively by governments, military institutions, and other stakeholders, rather than by individual leaders alone.
However, emotional intelligence may still play a role in mitigating some of the psychological factors that contribute to conflict escalation. For example, leaders with high emotional intelligence may be better able to manage their own emotions in times of crisis, resist impulsive decision-making, and maintain open lines of communication with other parties. Additionally, they may be more adept at understanding the perspectives and grievances of opposing parties, which could facilitate negotiation and compromise.
Research in the field of peace and conflict studies suggests that factors such as trust-building, dialogue, mediation, and conflict resolution techniques can contribute to conflict prevention and resolution. Emotional intelligence may complement these strategies by enhancing interpersonal communication, fostering empathy, and promoting collaborative problem-solving.
One avenue for further exploration is the role of emotional intelligence in conflict mediation and peacebuilding efforts. Mediators and facilitators tasked with resolving conflicts often require strong interpersonal skills, including empathy, active listening, and the ability to build rapport with conflicting parties. Training programs that incorporate elements of emotional intelligence development may enhance the effectiveness of mediators in facilitating dialogue and reaching sustainable agreements.
Moreover, the cultivation of emotional intelligence at the societal level through education, awareness campaigns, and community initiatives may contribute to a culture of peace and tolerance, thereby reducing the likelihood of conflicts escalating into wars. By promoting empathy, emotional regulation, and constructive communication skills, societies can create environments that are more conducive to resolving disputes peacefully.
Some quotes that maybe can make us reflect in peace:
"If we have no peace, it is because we have forgotten that we belong to each other."
- Mother Teresa
"I am not interested in power for power's sake, but I'm interested in power that is moral, that is right and that is good."
- Martin Luther King
"We may encounter many defeats but we must not be defeated."
- Maya Angelou
There are two ways of exerting one's strength: one is pushing down, the other is pulling up."
- Booker T. Washington
"People with clenched fists cannot shake hands."
- Indira Gandhi
"Peace begins with a smile."
- Mother Teresa
"If you want to make peace with your enemy, you have to work with your enemy. Then he becomes your partner."
- Nelson Mandela
Do you agree with any of these quotes? Why (not)?
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