What are examples of effective organizations with "clan," "adhocracy," "market," and or "hierarchy" cultures? How has the effectiveness of each type of culture been measured?
I advice you to read Burton and Obel's book "Organizational Design: a step-by-step approach". They apply contingency perspective in order to explain which type of the culture (coordination and control) listed by you (clan, market, etc) is effective in each context (other organizational variables). Also they provided the framework with measurment system for the types of culture.