Through a tendon I connect the columns, the walls and the load-bearing masonry with the ground, in order to stop the moment of failure and bending of their trunk.
That is, I try to stop the causes of deformation and overturning of the vertical elements, which are transported through the nodes, with which they are connected, and to the horizontal elements.
A pillar is elastic and bends A pillar becomes rigid when we impose pre-tension (compressive stresses) on its cross section.
With this pre-tensioning method we reduce the bending that can cause severe inelastic deformation, and increase the cross-sectional strength to shear forces. By prestressing the column we lose in plasticity which means that if it fails, the failures will be explosive.
With greater prestress in the cross section of the column, reduce bending and increase explosive failure.
But with pre-tensioning we do not stop the moment of failure of the column.
A prestressed column between its two ends is overturned and the beams to stop it create torques in the opposite direction.
The moment of failure of the pillar imposes from the lateral seismic loads and deforms to failure the beams.
In order to stop the moment of failure of the pillar, it is necessary to anchor it in the ground.
So if we apply prestressing and anchoring to the ground with the same tendon, then we have ensured that there will be no deformation due to bending and moment of failure and that the cross section increases its resistance to shear forces.
The big problem is that it fails explosively from excessive grief intensities, stemming from pre-stress and earthquake forces.
To avoid the explosive failure, we place elongated walls with the largest cross section.
The same applies to the elongated wall as for the columns, but they also have some additional properties that are not present in the columns.
a) The walls do not fail explosively.
b) The walls have prestressing tendons at all their distal ends while the columns have a single tendon in the center of their cross section.
c) The walls due to their shape and the largest volume of their cross section are rigid and without applying pre-tension.
d) The columns are lever arms The walls have a double lever arm, one of height and one of width.
This means that the moment of failure they receive is less than that of the column.
By its nature the wall does not bend or does not have moment of failure with the same ease as the pillar bends and have moment of failure
So the anchoring of the wall with the ground and the pre-tensioning at the distal ends strengthen them additionally, increasing the stiffness too much and preventing its moment of failure more easily.
In addition to the moment of failure of the wall, they greatly contribute to preventing the moment of failure the base and the beams with which it is connected at the nodes.
Let's solve a pillar and a wall to see the difference.
a) We have a pillar with 3 meters height and cross section 40x40 cm. If we apply to its upper level a force of 2 tons then its tipping moment will be. Height X Lateral force = 3mX2ton = 6ton
b) We have a wall with 3 meters height and cross section 2mX0.20cm If we apply to its upper level a force of 2 tons then its tipping moment will be. Height X Lateral force / width of the base = 3X2 / 3 = 2 tons
Here we see that the prestressing tendon will take on more tipping force than the 6ton pillar while from the wall only 2 ton
Conclusion.
The invention is most effective on elongated walls.
Dear Aparna Sathya Murthy
Beam bending and failure are common.
I do not disagree.
But something is wrong and it happens.
Wrong design, that's wrong.
The design of the building can divert a force in different areas.
If you plan to transfer the force on the beam then the beam will break.
If you plan to transfer the force into the ground the beam will not break.
This is what I show you.
I show you the design method ....how I plan to divert the force of the earthquake into the ground.
It is a method that uses a mechanism to pontoon nodes of higher level of constructions with earth and which dynamically deflect the lateral load of the earthquake through the vertical support elements and directs them into the ground
( preventing forces from being directed at the beams ) controlling in this way the oscillation of the construction.
Check https://www.researchgate.net/publication/293540669_Axial_force-bending_moment_failure_interaction_and_deformation_of_reinforced_concrete_beams_using_Eurocode
Also check https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-assumed-deformation-of-bending-failure-mode-and-bending-plastic-hinges_fig2_324705476/amp
Interesting question ...... following to see more valuable comments
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