Any infection initially activates a nonspecific innate immune response, where the white blood cells lead to inflammation, and this may be enough to eliminate the virus. But in long-term infections, the adaptive immune system is activated, as T and B cells recognize the antigens derived from the virus, and T cells can detect and kill infected cells, while B cells produce antibodies that neutralize the virus. During primary infection - that is, the first time a person is infected with a specific virus - this adaptive immune response is delayed, as it takes a few days before immune cells that recognize the specific pathogen are activated and expanded to control the infection. Some of these T cells and B cells, called memory cells, persist for a long time after the infection has resolved, and these memory cells are essential for long-term protection, and in the event of subsequent infection with the virus itself, the memory cells are rapidly activated and stimulate a strong and specific response to prevent infection. Two recent studies confirmed that people previously infected with -CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, can become infected with the virus again, and it is interesting that the results of the two people are different, as the first person was in Hong Kong and did not show any symptoms when he was infected. For the second time, while the other case of an American person, the disease was more severe on him when he was infected a second time, so it is unclear whether the immune response to -CoV-2 will protect against infection again. So, does this mean that the vaccine will also fail to protect against the virus? Does the "vaccine" provide better immunity than the actual infection?
All comments and contributions are welcome.
As the last news concerning the British vaccine , it has been proving that it could enhance the person's immunity 🌹👍
Yes, the vaccine against SARS-CoV2 infection is supposed to give more effective and longer immunity than infection with SARS-CoV2. This is beside the safety nature of the vaccine.
As the last news concerning the British vaccine , it has been proving that it could enhance the person's immunity 🌹👍
Dear Dr. Salman Ajlan Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. I fully agree with you that in principle vaccine has other advantages over natural infections, and it can be designed to focus the immune system against specific antigens that lead to better responses. My sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Dear Dr Manal Hadi Kanaan. I do agree with your kind opinion. Many thanks indeed. Best regards.
Dear Dr. Diana A. Ali Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. I fully agree with you as the dose and manner of administration of the vaccine can be controlled to encourage appropriate immune responses in the right places. My sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Let us hope for good that vaccine against covid 19 provides effective and better immunity.
Dear Dr. Mubashir Ali Rather Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. I fully agree with you let us hope that, my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Dear @Manal Hadi Kanaan There are several factors that influence the immune response to vaccination.
Please have a look at the link given below:
https://cmr.asm.org/content/cmr/32/2/e00084-18.full.pdf
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00084-18
Regards!
If vaccines are not available natural immunity is the best remedy and vaccines also bust natural immunity
This paper makes me worry a bit if you should get infected by a virus that has mutated vs. the strain(s) one has been vaccinated for. Could this lead to a more serious infection?
Abstract:
"CD4+ T cells reactive against SARS-CoV-2 can be found in unexposed individuals and these are suggested to arise in response to common cold corona viruses (CCCoVs) infection. Here, we utilized SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4+ T cell enrichment to examine the antigen-avidity and clonality of these cells, as well as the relative contribution of CCCoV cross-reactivity. SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4+ memory T-cells were present in virtually all unexposed individuals examined, displaying low functional avidity and multiple, highly variable cross-reactivities that were not restricted to CCCoVs. SARS-CoV-2 reactive CD4+ T cells from COVID-19 patients lacked cross-reactivity to CCCoVs, irrespective of strong memory T-cell responses against CCCoV in all donors analysed. In severe but not mild COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells displayed low functional avidity and clonality, despite increased frequencies. Our findings identify low avidity CD4+T cell responses as a hallmark of severe COVID-19, and argue against a protective role for CCCoV reactive T cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection."
Article Low avidity CD4+ T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 in unexposed...
Have a look at this link.
https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/is-natural-immunity-from-covid-better-than-a-vaccine-7093677/
Dear Dr Manal Hadi Kanaan, thank you for the thought provoking question.
I wish to submit that I am not an expert in this field.
But, based on what I have seen/ observed, I put forth my views for further discussion.
1. In India, multiple polio vaccination programmes have helped to eradicate the polio virus ( as per the statistical records).
2. So, vaccination is a successful method.
3. I do not think, in such cases, (due to the danger) we can wait.
Thank you.warm regards Yoganandan G
Dear Dr. Arbind K. Choudhary Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. I fully agree with your perspective, many thanks for a very useful link. My sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Dear Dr. Zahid Fazal Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. I fully agree with you that if the vaccine is not available, natural immunity is the best solution. My sincere gratitude, Doctor.
My perception, Vaccines will boost our immunity. So many success case are commonly found through vaccines.
Dear Dr. Wolfgang Schechinger Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. Thanks for raising this question, Thank you very much for raising this question, sincerity strange and it needs a specialized scientist to answer it. I, also, hope that we will find an answer to this question. With my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Dear Dr. Hassan Izzeddin Sarsak Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. I fully agree with your perspective. My sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Dear Dr. Arvind Singh Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. Many thanks for a very useful link. My sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Dear Dr. Yoganandan G. Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. I fully agree with your perspective, We hope the vaccine helps eradicate the virus. With my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Dear Dr. Paramasivam Sivaraj Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. I fully agree with your perspective. With my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Although the vaccine is considered as an important strategy for the control of COVID 19, I think that natural immunity is more effective.
Dear Dr. Serdar Kalemci Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. Your perspective is highly appreciated. With my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Basically survival is based on natural immunity and is all time favorite. But natural infection is some times lethal. In case of COVID-19 the percentage is 2 to 5 percent.
Dear Serdar Kalemci ! I agree with your opinion. But the virus has the property of mutating. This creates a challenge. In order for the natural immune system to be formed, there must be a clear view of the disease. Covid-19, manifested in different ways.
Many wonders about the effectiveness of the upcoming vaccines for the emerging coronavirus and the possibility of providing immunity from the epidemic, and whether there is a need to take the vaccine for people who contracted the virus earlier. According to the "New York Times", experts are still unable to determine which is stronger, the immune response resulting from the previous infection or the vaccines, but what is certain for them is that the vaccine is a safer bet for everyone. The newspaper indicates that the available early evidence confirms that Covid-19 vaccines fall into the category that stimulates better immunity than natural infection. She adds that, for example, volunteers who received a dose of the Moderna Corporation vaccine had more antibodies in their blood than people who had contracted the Coronavirus.
Early in the pandemic, many researchers feared that people would be reinfected very quickly after recovering from COVID-19. This belief came as a result of many early studies that showed that the antibodies seemed to diminish a few months after infection. This is also partly due to the fact that normal human coronaviruses, which are one of the causes of common colds and are very similar to Coronavirus, do not generate long-term immunity, so a person can be infected with it after 12 months. It is noteworthy that there are several Corona vaccines that are still being tested, while others have obtained emergency use permission, most notably the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines.
Dear Dr. Nafees Mohammad Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. Your perspective is highly appreciated. With my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Dear Dr. Ozodbek Abduraimov Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. Agreed with your perspective. With my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Dear Dr. Sura Saad Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. Your perspective is highly appreciated. With my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Vaccines have some advantages over natural infections. For one, they can be designed to focus the immune system against specific antigens that elicit better responses. For instance, the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine elicits a stronger immune response than infection by the virus itself. https://theconversation.com/amp/why-a-vaccine-can-provide-better-immunity-than-an-actual-infection-145476
A vaccine mimics this primary infection, providing antigens that prime the adaptive immune system and generating memory cells that can be activated rapidly in the event of a real infection. However, as the antigens in the vaccine are derived from weakened or noninfectious material from the virus, there is little risk of severe infection. https://theconversation.com/amp/why-a-vaccine-can-provide-better-immunity-than-an-actual-infection-145476
Two recent studies have confirmed that people previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, can be reinfected with the virus. Interestingly, the two people had different outcomes. The person in Hong Kong showed no symptoms on the second infection, while the case from Reno, Nevada, had more severe disease the second time around. It is therefore unclear if an immune response to SARS-CoV-2 will protect against subsequent reinfection. https://theconversation.com/amp/why-a-vaccine-can-provide-better-immunity-than-an-actual-infection-145476
Does this mean a vaccine will also fail to protect against the virus? Certainly not. First, it is still unclear how common these reinfections are. More importantly, a fading immune response to natural infection, as seen in the Nevada patient, does not mean we cannot develop a successful, protective vaccine. https://www.google.com/amp/s/amp.cnn.com/cnn/2020/10/02/health/vaccine-better-immunity-than-infection-wellness-partner/index.html
Dear Dr. Chinaza Godswill Awuchi Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. I fully agreed with you. Many thanks for the valuable information and links. With my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Vaccines also enhance and boost the Natural immunity against infection caused by Corona viruses.
Dear Dr. Zahid Fazal Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. I fully agreed with you. With my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Please have a look at this link
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/recommendations-process.html
Dear Dr. Lamia Al-Naama Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. Many thanks for the valuable link. With my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
This is matter of effectiveness of vaccine let's we see the testing between war of vaccine and infection then only can be draw any conclusion
Dear Dr. M.K. Tripathi Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. I fully agreed with you. With my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/05/health/covid-natural-immunity.html.
Dear Dr. Aqeel yousif Alshukri Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. With my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
Dear @Manal Hadi Kanaan
The vaccine is expected to induce immunity against the specific Corona virus better than that of natural infection. However, natural infection may provide diverse immunity against more putative strains of Corona virus.
Thanks!
Dear Dr. Arbind K. Choudhary Thanks a lot for your comment and contribution. Really thanks. Thanks for your kindness and support. I fully agree with your perspective. With my sincere gratitude, Doctor.
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