In our monograph Formation of weather conditions in marine and coastal areas (2007), high-amplitude positive temperature anomalies were drawn on December 15 and January 17 each year. Anomalies last approximately 3 days. These days, the temperature of groundwater and soil at a depth of 3 meters can increase by 5 degrees Celsius. Around January 19, after the end of the positive temperature anomaly, cooling occurs annually, sometimes by 10-15 degrees. On the territory of Russia, this climatic phenomenon is called "Epiphany frosts" (according to the Julian calendar, the Baptism of Christ on January 19). It was hypothesized that temperature changes in the surface layer of the northern hemisphere on December 15 and January 16 are associated with the intersection of the Earth's orbit with the Milky Way plane. It was a hypothesis. Now my graduate student Vadim Dolya has conducted research and found experimental confirmation of this hypothesis. See the diagram https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/orientation-of-the-earth-sun-and-solar-system-in-the-milky-way.888643/page-3. Now it has become a theory? If this is so, then in the warm season in the southern hemisphere on December 15 and January 17 of each year there should be negative temperature anomalies. On June 16 and July 18, there should be a cold snap in the northern hemisphere and a warming in the southern hemisphere. It is important to look at the dates March 14 and September 13. In the northern hemisphere on March 14 each year there is a decrease in temperature. On September 13, there may be a similar cold snap. Look at the diagram.
Dear Borys Kapochkin
All the motions mentioned in your question are rather complicated and I think that the graphics and animations available in the following site are potentially very useful to get a quantitative answers
https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/earth-move-universe/
I hope to perform some estimates based on the "geometrical notions" presented in the above. The hypothetical influences on weather are really fascinating but I do not have yet the sufficient data to draw the meaningful conclusions.
Dear Janusz Pudykiewicz. Look at the data from another source. If you are interested, it is important to note that thermal anomalies occur during the entry and exit of the Earth from the plane of the Milky Way. This is logical. Why do thermal anomalies of different signs occur? Underground waters in winter (in Odessa it is 10 degrees) seem warm, and cold in summer. my students and I studied this in detail in 1997. Sincerely, Boris.
Dear colleagues, March 14 on the diagram (see Janusz Pudykiewicz's answer) is the point of Spring Euinox. It almost always snows on March 14 in Eastern Europe. In other areas I have no information. This is called in folklore "March 14, Evdokha (St. Evdokia's Day) shakes the feather beds." I can not resist and deviate from the topic of discussion. Thanks to the diagram (see the answer of Janusz Pudykiewicz), you can understand the reason for the same inclinations of the axes of rotation of Mars, Earth, Saturn and Neptune (https://kipmu.ru/pochemu-naklonena-os-zemli/). Are these planets (their gyroscopes) being pulled (tilted) by the mass of the Milky Way? Mercury and Jupiter ignore this attraction? Does Venus have the "Dzhanibekov Effect" (rotates in the opposite direction)? Uranus is not completely understood. I am an amateur in this matter. Maybe it's not scientific... Please excuse me... Sincerely, Boris.
Dear Borys Kapochkin
It is not easy to answer all these questions but the Dzhanibekov effect requires a rigid body with three different moments of inertia, the examples in space are quite common and they include asteroids and small moons.
Despite the problems with answering your queries I see the definite need to organize the basic facts from the field of celestial mechanics from the point of view of their impact on weather and climate. The general trend, unfortunately very strong these days, is to ignore all extraterrestrial processes; it is very often for peril of our predictive models.
great question Borys Kapochkin , Janusz Pudykiewicz just gave me a heads up (tnx) post again soon
Professor Christopher G. YUKNA
Dear Boris Borisovych, this is a very interesting question about the different inclination of the axis of rotation of the planets of the solar system. Many scientists and philosophers, including us here, thought about it and are still thinking about it... I think there are many mysteries in the history of the development of the solar system that need to be discovered...
Dear Janusz Pudykiewicz, I agree with your opinion that "the Dzhanibekov effect requires a rigid body with three different moments of inertia..." the Dzhanibekov effect occurs when irregularly shaped bodies rotate with an uneven distribution of the center of mass. During rotation, this leads to the occurrence of various moments of inertia and, as a result, the body turns. The main objects in star systems (stars, planets, their satellites) have the shape of an almost perfect sphere. This is an ideal form of the body, which is formed in interplanetary space under the action of gravitational and inertial forces. The distribution of masses in them is also almost uniform along three axes. We add rotation around its axis of such a body and its position becomes very stable in space.
Look at the air temperature in Odessa (Ukraine) https://www.meteoblue.com/ru/ on the dates of entry and exit of the Earth into the plane of the galaxy (Milky Way). I cast aside all doubts.