On the other hands, the weak nuclear states with outdated maintenance technology and lose control alongside domestic and regional political instabilities also have a potential risk in regional or global security.

The new simulation and computer techniques will not affect the NPT directly, but the entry into force of the CTBT. If a country X is a state party to the NPT, it cannot do anything that could be interpreted as testing a nuclear weapon either using conventional means or new simulation and computer techniques. If the country does this research or any other activity using these new techniques, then the country is violating its international obligations and commitments and subject to international sanctions. What is true is that this new technique is helping current nuclear weapon's states to test the effectiveness of their nuclear arsenals without having to test using conventional mechanism already known by many countries. The US, Russia, and China are using these new techniques to develop new types of nuclear weapons without testing them. What is true is that without the use of these new techniques a country cannot test the effectiveness of nuclear weapons produced by it, in case that it can produce it, without using conventional mechanism rejected by the international community.

Thank you Jorge

international safeguards of the outdated maintenance is a technology challenge for IAEA.

The IAEA safeguard system is capable to control the use of any type of technology involving the use of radioactive material and detect any violation of the international commitments assumed by any state party to the NPT.

Great. Thanks again

This is another issue. The use of old technology for the production of a nuclear weapons is a great risk for other countries but the IAEA can do something only in case the state is a state party to the NPT

Thanks again

I agree that old radiators and other old instruments have risks for security.

These day some of Eu countries started to explore nuclear issues in politics particular Gov project at universities.I can't getting the meaning. I thought Eu are advanced in the filed.