The DC power output from PV generator (PPV) depends on the incident irrad@iance (R - which is in horizontal surface or tilted surface according to the required energy to be calculated), the surface area of module (SPVG - which is calculated by division the required power of solar PV on the power of the module then multiplied the result by the area of the module depend upon the datasheet c/s of solar panel ), and its efficiency (ηP) :
PPV =ηP × R × SPVG
The efficiency is calculated from the following equation:
ηP =ηR ×[1−βP (TM −TR )]
where ηR is the module efficiency at the reference temperature (at 25oC - given in c/s of solar panel datasheet), βP is the thermal efficiency coefficient of the cell material (%/oC - also given in c/s of solar panel datasheet ), TR is the reference temperature (=25 oC), and TM is the module operating temperature ( given by):
TM = TA + (k × R)
where TA is the ambient temperature, and k is the module thermal coefficient (oC.m2/W) which equal to 0.02. The losses of PV power conversion chain can be divided into, wiring losses, inverter losses and dust losses. So, the available power at the inverter output (PAC) is given by:
PAC = PPV − (%Losses× PPV )
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