Why is the sum of the elements in a row in a Q matrix equal to zero?

When explaining substitution models, the substitutions are expressed as Q matrix. Why is the sum of the elements in a row zero?

28 February 2021 3,864 3 View

Desalting using DSC- 18 SPE columns?

I am looking forward to remove excess of salt form my metal based porphyrin and trying DSC-18 columns for the same, can someone suggest me how how can one decide the polarity of the solvent to...

01 February 2021 9,076 1 View

Can we use two antibodies generated in same species for indirect Sandwich ELISA?

I have generated two antibodies against two peptide fractions of a protein in the rabbit. I want to use these two antibodies (Ab-1 and Ab-2) in indirect sandwich ELISA for the detection of...

11 January 2021 1,754 4 View

Is it reliable to use toluene as a solvent in measuring density by liquid displacement method?

Hi all, I am working on pollen and want to examine the true density. No doubt, toluene does not swell the particles but it may dissolve the lipid materials and other organic molecules besides the...

07 January 2021 2,471 2 View

I want to quantify disturbance for wetland birds?

I have categorized the disturbance basically on movement of people and vehicle in into 3 categories. Disturbed, close to highway and movement of people from dusk to dawn. Intermediately...

30 December 2020 8,806 4 View

Are hydrogels really important for food processing sector ?

Dear all, I am just reading about a new trend in food sector i.e. developing hydrogels. Literature showed uses of hydrogels in food packaging and bioactive molecule delivery or their carrier in...

27 December 2020 4,392 6 View

I am amplifying my target region through PCR, but I am getting number of unwanted band also with my target region...Why?

I have checked annealing temperature through gradient PCR. I have checked my primer in NCBI. I have checked PCR reagents concentration. Please suggest me anyone thanks

12 December 2020 1,969 2 View

What is the relationship between the type of material(ex: steel, iron etc.), thrust and torque?

If I am drilling through bars of different material(ex: iron, steel etc.) of the same thickness and under the same conditions of drill operations(feed rate and rpm), how will the torque and thrust...

06 November 2020 4,498 3 View

How to coat plasma sample (Antigen) in ELISA plate for a direct ELISA?

I have generated an antibody against an antigen. Now, I want to use the developed antibody in the detection of the unknown sample. So, I want to coat the plasma sample as antigen. How that can be...

26 October 2020 2,259 7 View

How the geospatial variability in the heat requirements of crop due to rising temperatures analyzed?

As we know that the global temperatures are increasing due to climate change which could affect the thermal needs of the crops. I want to make geospatial maps and analysis for heat requirements of...

28 September 2020 8,286 2 View

Why does blocking with my immunogenic peptide cause nuclear fluorescence in ICC?

Hi all, I am validating a polyclonal antibody raised against human ANT4, through WB and ICC. In most of my controls, the antibody shows very little off-target binding, but when I pre-incubate the...

03 March 2021 5,999 3 View

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02 March 2021 3,060 3 View

Does Napabucasin soluble in dichloromethane and in ethanol?

I need to prepare a solution of Napabucasin (inhibitor of cancer cell stemness) in dichloromethane. The drug is expensive, so maybe somebody already tried to do it. If it is soluble, what is the...

02 March 2021 9,945 3 View

How to compare different concentrations of nanoparticles for characterization from ICP-MS?

I took measurements of different concentrations of 15 nm and 5 nm Au nano particle solutions. I'm trying to determine which concentration I measured gives the best reading overall. I also...

02 March 2021 7,626 1 View

Sutter electrode holder leaking after applying positive pressure. How to fix?

I am using a Sutter electrode holder for my patch clamp experiments, but I'm having trouble keeping positive pressure inside my electrode due to a leak out of the back of the holder. I have added...

02 March 2021 5,829 1 View

Help request in CST microwave?

im working now on TPV solar cells and metamaterials and i realy need our help in CST microwave i have a tpv cell simulation and i want to extract particullarly the absorbtion of only the active...

02 March 2021 2,246 2 View

What thickness need for ITO to use as conductive layer?

I want to do RF sputtering of ITO on glass substrate using magnetron sputtering. what thickness do i need to make it good conductive layer to use it for PSC. Moreover, whats about thickness of...

01 March 2021 395 3 View

Issues with Permeabilization during Flow Cytometry?

Hello Everyone. Currently I am working to characterize macrophages in the myocardium after ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Due to the low total cell number isolated from rat hearts I can...

01 March 2021 3,867 3 View

Which cell line should we use to perform biological dosimetry experiments?

We are preparing some experiments based on irradiating cells under different conditions in order to evaluate the effects in terms of DNA damage, genetic expression, etc. As our project is...

01 March 2021 3,355 3 View

What are the new 2D nanomaterials were used for Silver nanoparticles stabilization?

In the stabilization of AgNPs are vital in current research interest. However, some of the 2D nano-materials like graphene oxide, MoS2, etc... previously used to stabilize it. But still they shown...

01 March 2021 2,207 3 View