Chemical techniques:

1. Chemical precipitation

2. Sol-gel technique

3. Polymeric precursor

4. Micro emulsion

5. Hydrothermal synthesis

6. Combustion synthesis.

7. Dc Arc Plasma Process

8. Rf Plasma Process

9. Plasma Rapid Solidification Technology

10. Reactive Electrode Submerged Arc

Physico-chemical technique :

1. Spray pyrolysis

2. Gas condensation

3. Freeze drying

4. Ultrasonic methods.