Quinoa has exhibited a very high level of salinity tolerance under controlled conditions. Koyro and Eisa (2007) and Hariadi et al. (2011) demonstrated the ability of quinoa to survive and produce seed under 500 mM NaCl, an equivalent concentration to that of seawater. Jacobsen et al. (2003) found that seeds of the variety “Kanckolla” were able to germinate at 57 mS/cm, a level exceeding that of seawater. A recent study by Peterson (2013) measured the salinity tolerance among four quinoa varieties of Chilean lowland origin . All four varieties were significantly more tolerant to Na2SO4 than they were to NaCl, as measured by yield decreases at 32 dS/m relative to a nonsalt control. Yield declines for quinoa varieties ranged from 43.7% to 65.4% under 32 dS/m NaCl and from 10.8% to 51.9% under 32 dS/m Na2SO4.
Hariadi Y, Marandon K, Tian Y, Jacobsen SE, Shabala S. Ionic and osmotic relations in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) plants grown at various salinity levels. J Exp Bot 2011;62(1):185–193.
Jacobsen SE, Mujica A, Jensen CR. The resistance of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) to adverse abiotic factors. Food Rev Int 2003;19(1–2):99–109.
Koyro HW, Eisa SS. Effect of salinity on composition, viability and germination of seeds of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. Plant Soil 2007;302:79–90.
Peterson A. 2013. Salinity tolerance and nitrogen use efficiency of quinoa for expanded production in temperate North America. Master’s Thesis, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, DC, pp. 1–189.