does anyone know the reaction conditions for sulfonation of phenol?
thanks in advance
Charles Sanders
That all depends on where you want the addition to occur. O/P is default, but if you want meta, conditions will differ.
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William Ford
Since the hydroxyl group on the phenol is strong activating group, ortho- and para- sulfonation (which is an electrophilic aromatic substitution) are the most likely to happen. And yes, @Fa Najafi, you are correct in stating that para is the thermodynamic product. I would say use sulfuric acid at a high temperature (say, 100 oC). As long as you keep the temperature high, para-substitution will be more likely to occur.
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Alemtsehay Tesfay Reda
You can use sulfuric acid at preheated oil @80 deg.cent. for around 4 hours reaction
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