Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) use gamma radiation to image metabolic processes. Since accurate positional information is hard to extract from annihilation events, in the scanners, radiation detector rings are typically coupled to a CT or an MR detector, which provide anatomical data.
https://www.nibib.nih.gov/science-education/science-topics/nuclear-medicine
https://imaging.cancer.gov/imaging_basics/cancer_imaging/nuclear_imaging.htm
http://www.snmmi.org/AboutSNMMI/Content.aspx?ItemNumber=988
According to WHO, the advantages of imaging using gamma rays include that it is non-invasive and has no ethical issues. Some disadvantages are present, however, such as the possibility of a patient being worried about being exposed to radiation X-rays, gamma rays, and other ionizing radiation are effective ways to treat some types of cancer. During radiation therapy, high doses of ionizing radiation (much higher than those used for imaging tests) are directed at cancer, resulting in the death of the cancer cells
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