Yes, you can use either Python or R to clip NetCDF data with a shapefile.
In Python, you can use the xarray and geopandas libraries to perform the clipping. The steps to do this would be:
Load the NetCDF data into an xarray DataArray or Dataset object.
Load the shapefile into a geopandas GeoDataFrame.
Use the .interp() method of the xarray DataArray or Dataset object to interpolate the data onto a grid that matches the shapefile's coordinate reference system (CRS).
Use the .geometry attribute of the GeoDataFrame to extract the polyggon shape of the shapefile.
Use the .intersects() method of the GeoDataFrame to extract the data within the shapefile's polygon.
Save the clipped data to a new NetCDF file.
In R, you can use the raster and sf libraries to perform the clipping. The steps would be:
Load the NetCDF data into a Raster* object using the raster() function from the raster library.
Load the shapefile into a Simple Features (sf) object using the st_read() function from the sf library.
Use the crop() function from the raster library to crop the Raster* object to the extent of the sf object.
Use the mask() function from the raster library to mask the Raster* object to only include data within the shapefile's polygon.
Save the clipped data to a new NetCDF file using the writeRaster() function from the raster library.
Note that the specific implementation details may vary depending on the specifics of your data and the shapefile, but these steps should give you a general idea of the process.