If the biochar is reduced to small particles its increased surface area can be effective in retaining moisture and with it facilitate the growth of bacteria that will enable biochar to express its benefit for the fertility of the soil. The attached papers may give you valuable information to seek an answer for your question.
The Australian native peoples managed the landscape for thousands of years using fire, and aftersome 200 years of European agriculture the biochar that they produced is a considerable proportion of the remaining OM in some cropped soils.
Small particle size, C richness and high cation exchange capacity of biochar makes it a useful soil amendment, particularly for rainfed drylands. Increased surface area due to biochar use assists in retaining more soil moisture and hence results in better crop productivity and reduced stress.
Dear Archana Pawar there is a special addition on "Implications of Biochar Application to Soil Environment under Arid Conditions" published by Springer journal Arabian Journal of Geosciences: https://link.springer.com/journal/12517/topicalCollection/AC_eedc47bcfd292b95923f74b237c98256. Two papers address biochar effects in plant growth in arid regions: Article Effects of biochar and NPK on soil microbial biomass and enz...
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Article Integrated use of biochar and compost to improve soil microb...
Interesting question. I believe the question is addressing the dry-land agriculture (rain-fed ag), weather it is in arid or non-arid regions. Of course, dry-land agriculture may be successful under adequate rainfall. In fact, Tera preta soils were discovered in rain forests of amazon. This biochar rich black soils, produced by ancient indigenous people, are still fertile and contain good OM. I doubt that substantial irrigation was common practice at those era. So, although I have not seen any research on biochar application under dry-land agriculture, based on the historical evidences, I believe that there is a prospect for its use. The effects may not appear the first year on the crop yield and growth. It would be a good idea to do some good research on the subject. The economics of biochar application under dry-land agriculture maybe a serious drawback, and will depend on value of the crops produced and other factors.
its arid to semi arid tropical climate. No irrigation at all. Average rainfall 712 mm.
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So, although I have not seen any research on biochar application under dry-land agriculture, based on the historical evidences, I believe that there is a prospect for its use. The effects may not appear the first year on the crop yield and growth. It would be a good idea to do some good research on the subject.
I also thought about economics after all research not only research all life of human being is based on B:C ratio and hence we must think of it.
one thing i should add is that if the soil is fertile and has good quality and not degraded, probably biochar would not show much effects. The beneficial effects of biochar is more evident in degraded soils (such as high salinity, low OM, low fertility, etc). Yes I agree with you about the economics.
on the aspect of economics it is most likely not economically viable to add freshly produced biochar to the soil. A more promising approach would be to use biochar in another process with positive contribution first (e.g. biochar in compost can shorten the composting period while binding odour and leachate: Article Nutrient Retention Capacity of Rice Husk Biocharcaol in Co-c...
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Article Characterization of local mill rice husk charcoal and its ef...
) before adding it to soil. So my suggestion would be to carry out plant growth trials with valorised biochars. This would also generate very important data since not many have ventured into this (most of the research and our understanding is based on trials with plain biochar).