I have seen different visual observation techniques written in a few papers (e.g.: Serrated plastic flow by P. Rodriguez) to identify the type of serration (Type A: sudden plastic flow followed by a drop, Type B: oscillations about general level, Type C: yield drops below the general level of stress-strain curve). However, not all serrations are perfectly shaped. So, identifying serration through visual observation only becomes difficult. Is there any mathematical model or any other way by which the serrations can be characterized?