Is there any evolutionary relationship between Type three secretion system and flagella of bacteria? Which structure has first evolved?

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Do you think can be any Uranium bearing rocks in Eastern part of Iran and western part of Afghanistan?

I want to know more about Uranium ore deposits in world.

11 August 2024 6,720 0 View

Do you think can be any diamond bearing rocks in Eastern part of Iran and western part of Afghanistan?

I want to know more about diamond ore deposits in world.

11 August 2024 2,167 1 View

What is the difference between mathematical R^4 space and physical 4D unit space?

We assume that the difference is huge and that it is not possible to compare the two spaces. The R^4 mathematical space considers time as an external controller and the space itself is immobile in...

10 August 2024 6,678 14 View

If Banks do not provide credit facility, what are the options available for FPOs and impact on producer’s income?

10 August 2024 8,198 5 View

Controlling for pupil light reflex when analyzing pupil size time course?

I used eye tracking to examine how participants from two different populations (A and B) react to an image. Participants in population A exhibit larger pupil sizes over time, but they also have...

10 August 2024 3,229 0 View

What are a “Farmers Producer Organization” (FPO) and its essential features?

10 August 2024 477 5 View

Strugglling with m6A dot blot any suugesstion ?

I have been doing the m6A dot blot for a while with no improvement, I am extracting the RNA, and I can see the dots although the three biological replicas give a different reading on the memberan...

10 August 2024 8,539 5 View

Do interactions between biosphere, carbon cycle, & water cycle impact global warming & interaction between atmosphere & hydrosphere?

How do interactions between the biosphere, the carbon cycle, and the water cycle impact global warming and interaction between the atmosphere and the hydrosphere?

09 August 2024 3,291 2 View

How to get moment output in Abaqus Standart?

I have input a moment load in module load Abaqus, i put my moment load on the node surface (using reference point). I have define moment in history output and make a set for moment too. But the...

08 August 2024 4,831 4 View

How is energy cycled through the Earth's climate system and how do matter cycle and energy flow through the rock cycle?

08 August 2024 8,162 0 View

What precautions should be taken while handling S. aureus enterotoxin Type B in the lab?

I would like to understand potential safety concerns while handling SEB in the lab. Especially while working in animal house facility. Would like to know precautions for handling. Sigma MSDS...

07 August 2024 6,034 3 View

How can I inoculate a lyophilized anaerobic bacteria into the culture medium without an anaerobic chamber?

There are anaerobic gas pak jars and environment providers in the laboratory that provide anaerobic environmental conditions for the growth of anaerobic bacteria. However, there is no anaerobic...

05 August 2024 4,945 3 View

How does the Retention time effect the Biogas Production?

List down the various factors responsible and how does this effect the overall biogas production when it is related to Hydraulic retention time of the digester based on the feedstock?

27 July 2024 4,800 4 View

Question about MHB (Mycorrhiza Helper Bacteria) isolation technique??

What are the most effective isolation techniques for obtaining MHB?? Is there are best approach techniques? I keep struggling in obtaining it.

26 July 2024 7,387 0 View

Pink bacterial colonies?

I am cloning an overexpression plasmid with my protein of interest tagged with mScarlet. After transforming my ligated product into DH5α bacteria and plating on LB agar, I noticed colonies with a...

22 July 2024 5,953 6 View

What does negative readings in spectrophotometer denote. Was testing TSS content of bacterial cultures?

I was performing estimation of Total Soluble Sugar content in bacterial cultures by Anthrone method. Out of 9 samples, only one sample showed positive reading while others had a negative reading...

22 July 2024 9,576 4 View

How to prepare bacterial conditioned media to study the effect of bacterial secretome?

I would like to investigate the effect of bacterial secretome on cancer cells. How do you prepare conditioned media from bacteria?? conditions- time points - media I am looking for the best way...

17 July 2024 3,785 9 View

How do you decide an optimal AC amplitude for non-faradaic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy?

I work with planar interdigitated electrodes (IDEs). The finger width and the spacing between the fingers are 5 micron. The surface of the IDEs is coated by a non-conductive polymer layer...

16 July 2024 5,031 1 View

Can I use candle-jar technique to lactic acid bacteria?

I don't have the anaerobic generators (Anaeropac) so I'd like to try the candle-jar tecnique for the cultive of lactic acid bacteria

15 July 2024 8,890 2 View

What is the behavior of anaerobic bacteria in deep salty groundwater ?

What is the behavior of anaerobic bacteria in deep salty groundwater with high level of chlorine? Is the nitrate level deceasing and is denitrification controlled by excess chlorine? Thanks

13 July 2024 1,581 4 View