I want to use methanol or ethanol extract in rat, which route of administration will be better either I.P or oral?
Orally administered glucosamine is rapidly absorbed, highly distributed and efficiently cleared. The gut rather than liver is mainly responsible for the first pass metabolism since reduced bioavailability is observed after oral but not intraperitoneal doses.
Ref: Single dose pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of glucosamine in the rat
Ali Aghazadeh-Habashi, Saeed Sattari, Franco Pasutto and Fakhreddin Jamali1
J Pharm Pharmaceut Sci (www.ualberta.ca/~csps) 5(2):181-184, 2002
Tail vein injection is another alternative. Search "tail vein injection" and you will find considerable information. I became interested in tail vein injections with respect to taste aversion learning. Humans experience vascular taste in that injection of a dilute saccharin solution into the vascular system produces a taste of saccharin in a few seconds when the blood containing saccharin reaches the tongue. Rats apparently experience a comparable taste sensation because tail vein saccharin injection followed by a nausea producing procedure results in a conditioned taste aversion without the rats ever having orally ingested a saccharin taste.
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