Is electric force perpendicular to magnetic field and why magnetic field is always perpendicular to the velocity?
The electric force and magnetic field are two fundamental forces in electromagnetism. They interact with each other and with charged particles in different ways.
- Electric force: The electric force is a force that acts between charged particles. The force is proportional to the product of the charges of the particles and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The electric force is always in the direction of the line connecting the two particles.
- Magnetic field: The magnetic field is a force field that is created by moving electric charges or magnetic dipoles. The magnetic field is always perpendicular to the direction of the moving charge or the magnetic dipole.
The magnetic force on a charged particle is always perpendicular to both the magnetic field and the particle's velocity. This is because the magnetic force is proportional to the cross product of the particle's velocity and the magnetic field. The cross product of two vectors is a vector that is perpendicular to both of the original vectors.
As a result of the magnetic force, a charged particle moving in a magnetic field will experience a force that will cause it to curve its path. The radius of curvature of the particle's path is inversely proportional to the strength of the magnetic field and the particle's charge.
The fact that the magnetic force is always perpendicular to the particle's velocity is a key property of electromagnetism. It is responsible for a wide variety of phenomena, including the behavior of electric motors, generators, and transformers.
In fact that the charge moves, however, it is subjected to a force, the size of which increases in direct proportion with the velocity of the charge. The force has a direction that is perpendicular both to the direction of motion of the charge and to the direction of the magnetic field. In an electromagnetic wave the electric and magnetic field are mutually perpendicular. Both electric and magnetic fields are also perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave. The magnetic force is always perpendicular to the velocity and to the magnetic field. Where F is the electric force, q is the charge of the particle, and E is the electric field. Therefore, the direction of the electric force on a charged particle is always perpendicular to the direction of the electric field at the point where the particle is located. Where B is the magnetic field vector and E is the electric field. the partial derivative of E with respect to time will be a vector in the direction of E . The left side is a cross product and its result will be a vector perpendicular to B. therefore E will be perpendicular to B. The magnetic force is always perpendicular to the velocity and to the magnetic field. The direction of the magnetic force depends on the sign of the charge. The magnetic force can do no work, since it is always perpendicular to the velocity. The superficial answer is simply that the Lorentz (magnetic) force is proportional to v×B, where v is the particle velocity and B is the magnetic field. Since the vector cross product is always at right angles to each of the vector factors, the force is perpendicular to v. The magnetic field is along the axis of electrons spin, meaning it always has to be perpendicular to the movement of the electrons; it's a nature of the behavior of charges and waves. The magnetic force on a charged particle is always perpendicular to its velocity. Therefore, the work done by the magnetic force on the charged particle is zero. Here, the kinetic energy and speed of the particle remain unaffected, while the velocity changes due to the change in direction of its motion.
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