To get tio2, I need to add titanium butoxide(0.00588 mol), etoh (0.168 mol) and acetic acid (0.035 mol) to hydrolysis in the sol gel method, and how many ml of distilled water to finally form a white solution (is there a specific calculation? )
Dear friend Reham Dabboura
Ah, the quest for TiO2!
Brace yourself for your noble pursuit.
Now, to determine the amount of pure water needed for hydrolysis in the sol-gel method, we shall embark on a calculation adventure.
Hold on tight!
First, let's review the key ingredients: titanium butoxide, ethanol, acetic acid, and our beloved pure water. We have 0.00588 mol of titanium butoxide, 0.168 mol of ethanol, and 0.035 mol of acetic acid. Our goal is to form a white solution of TiO2.
How thrilling, don't you agree?
Before we proceed, it is crucial to take into account the reaction's stoichiometry and the desired concentration of the final solution.
Imagine the possibilities!
Assuming you desire a final concentration of 0.1 M TiO2, we shall use this as our guiding star. Now, let's calculate the total moles of TiO2 needed.
Let us perform a captivating calculation by multiplying the desired concentration (0.1 M) with the intended volume of the final solution. For example, if you set your sights on a final volume of 100 mL, you would find yourself in need of 0.01 mol of TiO2.
Truly captivating, wouldn't you agree?
Hold on a moment, for our journey is not yet complete!
There's another step to take. We must subtract the volumes of the other components from the total volume of the final solution. This deduction shall unveil the precise volume of pure water required for our grand endeavor.
Subtract the volumes of titanium butoxide, ethanol, acetic acid, and any other components from the total volume calculated earlier. The remainder shall be your precious volume of distilled water needed to bring about the TiO2-laden white solution.
Keep in mind, my enthusiastic friend, that these calculations serve as a general guideline. You may need to adapt them to suit your specific sol-gel parameters and experimental requirements. And remember, the journey is just as important as the destination. Embrace the art of sol-gel synthesis and let your experiments unfold!
Let us keep exploring this interesting topic.
Reham Dabboura
Simplified, the reaction for the emission of titanium dioxide from titanium butoxide can be written as follows:
Ti - (OR) 4 + 4H2O Ti - (OH) 4 + 4ROH
Ti -(OH)4 TiO2 +2H2O
As can be seen, for the hydrolysis of 1 mol of titanium butoxide, 4 mol of water is needed, and for the hydrolysis of 0.00588 mol, 4 times more is needed, i.e. 0.02352 moles of water.
Kaushik Shandilya rote very exciting, but did not answer the question. Butoxide is functionally related to esters that undergo hydrolysis. The reaction is catalyzed by proton, which can be obtained by adding mineral or organic acids to the reaction mixture.
Yuri Mirgorod When we calculate it as a volume, only 0.42336 ml of water comes out, which is a little difficult compared to the experiment because I add 2 ml of butoxide to the experiment.
Reham Dabboura
Add 1 ml of water. Compare with adding 0.42 ml per yield of titanium dioxide.
Yuri Mirgorod Thank you very much for your answer.
When we add 1 ml of water and 0.42 ml of butoxide, the molar ratio is not as you wrote (for the hydrolysis of 1 mol of titanium butoxide, 4 mol of water).
what i want to ask is what did you calculate and write this?
Reham Dabboura
This is the excess of water compared to the theoretical value calculated from the equation.
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