How we can calculate Vcpd after getting surface potential image ain KPFM ?

Aparajita Kadam To extract the exact value of the Contact Potential Difference (CPD) from this image, here are the steps you would typically follow:

Scale and Color Mapping: First, take note of the scale provided on the image. It gives you the range of potential values that are represented by the colors in the image, from about -56.50 mV to -7.94 mV in your case.

Image Analysis: Using image analysis software that can handle scientific data, you would import this image. The software should be capable of correlating the color intensity with the potential values, using the scale as a reference.

Region of Interest (ROI): Decide on the region of interest for which you want to calculate the CPD. It could be an area that seems uniform or an area where you expect some variation.

Data Extraction: By selecting this region in the software, you can extract the potential values. The software will usually allow you to create a histogram or a profile line across the region, which gives you the potential values across that line.

Calculating CPD: To find the CPD, you will need to calculate the difference between the work function of the tip and the local work function of the sample. If the work function of the tip is known, you can directly calculate the CPD by subtracting the work function of the tip from the surface potential value at any point.

Statistical Analysis: Often, you'll take multiple readings across the same or similar regions to get an average value and understand the distribution of the potential across the surface. This gives you an idea of the uniformity or variation in the sample's surface potential.

Result: The exact CPD value would be the consistent reading you get from these various measurements, or an average if they are close enough. Given the scale in your image, your CPD values will fall within the range provided, but the exact value will depend on the specific region you analyze.

In a laboratory setting, these steps are done using specialized software. If you do not have access to such software, you might consider using open-source options like Gwyddion, which is often used for analyzing data from scanning probe microscopy.

Remember, the goal is not just to get a number but to understand what that number tells you about the material properties of your sample. Each CPD value is a small piece in the larger puzzle of the sample's surface electronic structure. Keep in mind the bigger picture as you work through your data.

Bogdan R. Borodin

Aparajita Kadam yep. It is CPD between the sample and your probe. If you want to know the work function of your sample, use a reference sample with a well-defined work function.

𝜑sample = 𝜑𝑡𝑖𝑝 − 𝑒𝑉𝐶𝑃𝐷_sample

𝜑reference = 𝜑𝑡𝑖𝑝 − 𝑒𝑉𝐶𝑃𝐷_reference

𝜑sample = 𝜑reference + 𝑒(𝑉𝐶𝑃𝐷_reference − 𝑉𝐶𝑃𝐷_sample)

This approach is detailed in the following work:Article Kelvin probe force gradient microscopy of WSe 2 monolayers on Ni

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