it is essential to meticulously construct the waveguide and graphene layers, which serve as the foundational elements of the model. The subsequent step involves the precise specification of the properties and materials characterizing your material (in your case the graphene), as well as other constituent components, imbuing the simulation with its requisite attributes. Optimal module selection, encompassing electromagnetic waves and plasmonics, lays the groundwork for the simulation's comprehensive scope. Thoughtful consideration of boundary conditions ensures the confinement of pertinent variables, facilitating an insightful and coherent analysis. Equally crucial is the implementation of a refined mesh, which inclusively incorporates all relevant entities within the simulation framework.