Being a reviewer is no joke. The journal expects its reviewers to possess hawk-eyes in identifying minute errors and make sure the article is plagiarism free and also corresponds to the journal's entry requirements.
How to review a research article? What are the key factors to consider here?
You can also go through the following RG links:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_to_review_an_article
https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_to_do_a_good_review_for_an_article_to_journal
https://www.researchgate.net/post/what_are_approaches_for_reviewing_an_article
https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_to_review_an_article_paper_please_let_me_see_some_samples_with_the_original_reviewed_article
Journals usually have their own guidelines to guide reviewers how to review their articles. In case you need one - can refer to the following RG link:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308875190_Manuscript_Review_Template_-_Feel_Free_to_Download
Research Manuscript Review Template - Feel Free to Download
Assuming the reviewer is a subject matter expert, the most important first step is to understand several critical issues:
1) Does the article raise a grounded, reasonable, and important issue(s) in the field?
2) Are the methodology, tools, analyses, results discussion, etc. up to the field's best standards?
3) Whether results obtained are important indeed, or constitute at least a step forward sufficient to be considered for a publication?
The second step for the reviewer is to decide whether the found above unintended errors, mistakes, places having a lack of clarity, etc., if cleaned up could make the article publishable, or the level of deficiencies is beyond repair.
The third step is to check the article on compliance to the Journal/Editor requirements checklist.
The fourth step is to decide on whether to recommend, decline, or open a communication channel with the author(s), providing a formal review with a request for corrections.
Look for novelty, research methodology, compliance with the format and style of the journal, results and discussions, comparison with other researchers' works, etc.
In agreement with the above answers, reviewing should not be a traditional process for all kinds of papers. However, some basics must be conserved like research idea and goal, methodology and treatment of results. Discussion and conclusions must be considered also. Reviewers aim should not be rejecting articles but to correct it as possible.
Regards
SM Najim
i think that answer above is complex and dynamic, but the most of important in making decision of literature review or critical review, there are (1) problem statement, is suitable or not, related with the field problem, (2) Methodology, (3) result and discussion, and (4) conclusion and forth, then looking for weakness or strongest, and of course based on theory and field data...
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