Basically you have two main branches of models (with overlap thou) Physical Models and Data Driven Models (Statistical or Experimental Models). First group you need to know the physics [and chemistry] of the system (Continuum Mechanics and Nonlinear Dynamics, Sometime even Statistical Mechanics). Second type of models are based on probability theory, statistics and stochastic processes. A very good big picture book which looks at all of those models from above is: The Nature of Mathematical Modeling by Neil Gershenfeld from MIT

see

Mathematical Modeling: Models, Analysis and Applications

Sandip Banerjee

https://b-ok.cc/book/2470812/1854af

Dear Ramashis, I suggest you get the book on Elements of Mathematical Ecology by Mark Kot.