In the combustion synthesis of nano materials urea is used as fuel. The stoichiometry relations demands to find the valence of urea because F/O=1. Hence i request kindly guide me to find the urea valence? OR
how much of urea(fuel) is required to synthesis nano power TiO2 from Titanyl nitrate TiO(NO3)2(oxidiser) by solution combustion synthesis.
Dear Venkateshha Babu,
Number of valence electrons = 24 e- Draw sigma bonds.
Place remaining electron pairs on oxygen, Complete C atom octet with double bond.Leaves 24 - 14 = 10 e- pairs. And nitrogen atoms.
Nano-sized TiO2 was synthesized by solution combustion synthesis reactions. Titanyl nitrate [TiO(NO3)2] was used as the oxidizer (also as the source of Ti) and glycine (NH2CH2COOH, 99%, Aldrich), urea (CH4ON2, 99%, Showa) or thiourea (CH4SN2, 99%, Showa) were used as the fuel. Titanyl nitrate was prepared by first hydrolysis and then nitration of titanium n-butoxide (Ti(OC4H9)4, 99%, Acros. A foam type TiO2 powder was produced after the combustion synthesis reaction. The product was yellow, pale yellow or pale brown in color when using glycine, urea or thiourea as the fuel and hereafter, it would be referred to as TiO2(G), TiO2(U) or TiO2(T), respectively.
Urea as a fuel
10 NH2CONH2 +9TiO(NO3)2 = 9 TiO2 + 14 N2 + 20 CO2 +25 H2O
Regards,
Prem Baboo
your research paper is the source for my inspiration..thank you so much...plz guide me to find the urea to be added and how to calculate the amount of urea based on F/O=1 for the titanyl nitrate as the source of oxidiser..
Refer Ekabrum and K C Patl IISc paper. You will get comlete and perfect anawers to all of your future queries also.