Suppose I have a battery and a supercapacitor. I want to make a hybrid system by using both of them.
1. How the electrodes of both the systems will be connected?
2. Any other required information regarding the fabrication of the corresponding system?
Kindly, propose required steps for the design and fabrication.
The Capacitor and the Battery have to be in parallel.
Design considerations are the capacitor charging, When both are in parallel then when the capacitor discharges even slightly by providing the load required burst power, then it will try to charge from the battery. In this case you need to prevent this to avoid other power quality issues and to control the charging process. This can be easily achieved the use of diodes.
I hope this helps. Let me know if you have more questions. Thank you.
You question is not clear to me.
You have a supercapacitor device and a battery device and you want to use them together in a circuit. Is it correct? Do you want to know about their use in series/parallel combination?
What I understand from the hybrid system is that you bring together a capacitor type electrode and a battery type electrode into a single device (in-situ hybridization of capacitor and battery chemistry into single device). These types of systems are called hybrid systems. Designing hybrid systems is crucial and require a lot of materials as well as device-configuration related knowledge.
If that is what you are looking for, you can read the following review paper:
Title: Hybrid energy storage: the merging of battery and supercapacitor chemistries
10.1039/C4CS00266K
Thanks
Dr. Arvinder Singh sir, exactly! I have a supercapacitor and a battery; I want to design a hybrid system consisting of both the systems to attain high specific energy as well as specific power. For this purpose, I want to know about the parameters required for fabrication.
I'm not sure what you are asking. I'm assuming it's not about chemistries involved, but about circuit design? Nor am I sure what you want to achieve with this battery and supercapacitor.
Let's say you are designing a power source. If so, then, as Stelios already said, you might want to consider connecting them in parallel, vaguely speaking. With such a parallel combination, you will achieve a very low impedance voltage source, optimal for sudden large and short duration current demands, and the battery will quickly recharge the capacitor after that sudden burst.
For lower and more steady current demands, the battery should keep the supercap fully charged at all times. The supercap will essentially play no role here. A battery by itself would be enough, at least in the discharging phase.
Now for charging. Presumably, either the load of this combination is at times also a generator, or there is a generator involved as well, to keep the battery charged. You'll want to control the charging current.
So, a diode can be used, to allow discharge current to flow unrestricted, while preventing reverse current from charging the battery in an uncontrolled manner.
Another diode, facing the opposite direction, would then run any charging current through a regulator of some kind. This is to prevent too high of a charging current from being fed into the battery, and to stop charging the battery after a certain threshold voltage is reached.
In short, two diodes to interconnect battery and supercap, plus a battery charging circuit connected to the battery itself, to prevent charging current from overheating the battery and potentially causing a fire.
Many devices (EVs, laptops, etc.) operate in a variety of modes. Some modes might require burst power operation, while other modes require long-term, low power, and stable voltage sourcing. Today, successful energy harvesters make an active interface[1] among (packs of) source(s) and load(s). These interfaces require high-level ICs[2] or systems[3], not only some simple circuit components.
1. https://www.electronicdesign.com/power-sources/protecting-your-lithium-ion-batteries-isn-t-so-hard
2. http://www.microchip.com/design-centers/power-management/battery-management, http://www.ti.com/product/emb1428q
3. http://www.ti.com/power-management/battery-management/monitors-balancers/overview.html
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