Photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) is a phenomenon that occurs when a molecule is irradiated with circularly polarized light, resulting in a difference in the yield of photoelectrons emitted from the molecule depending on the handedness of the circular polarization. PECD can be used to study the chiral properties of molecules, and is sensitive to the electronic and geometric structure of the molecule.
To calculate PECD using quantum chemistry, one can use a multi-reference configuration interaction (MRCI) approach, which is a method for treating electron correlation in molecules. MRCI calculations can be used to calculate the transition dipole moments for different electronic states, which are needed to calculate the PECD signal.
Another approach is time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) which is a first-principle method to calculate PECD signal. TD-DFT can be used to calculate the transition dipole moments, and the PECD signal can be calculated by comparing the transition dipole moments for different electronic states.
It is important to note that the PECD signal is usually very small and difficult to measure experimentally and so it is important to use high level of theory and a good basis set to obtain accurate results.
The calculation of PECD using quantum chemistry involves several steps:
Geometry optimization: The first step is to optimize the geometry of the chiral molecule using quantum chemistry methods such as density functional theory (DFT) or ab initio methods.
Electronic structure calculation: After the geometry is optimized, the electronic structure of the molecule must be calculated. This can be done using DFT or ab initio methods.
Calculation of transition dipole moment: The transition dipole moment, which describes the strength and direction of the transition from the ground state to the excited state, must be calculated. This can be done using time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) or other methods.
Calculation of PECD: Once the transition dipole moment is known, the PECD can be calculated by considering the absorption of left and right circularly polarized light. This can be done by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for the absorption of circularly polarized light.
Analysis of PECD: After the PECD is calculated, it can be analyzed to determine the absolute configuration of the molecule. This can be done by comparing the PECD signal to experimental data or to the PECD of a known compound.