There is no formula that gives you the absorption coefficient vs energy (and hence wavelength) of a complicated material such as a perovskite. The data in the graph you've shown will have been experimentally measured, probably by spectroscopic ellipsometry.
You can download the refractive index data (from which the absorption coefficient can be calculated) of two perovskite compositions from here. https://www2.pvlighthouse.com.au/resources/photovoltaic%20materials/refractive%20index/refractive%20index.aspx
You'll find them under CH3NH3PbBr3 and CH3NH3PbI3.
There are many other types of perovskites for which refractive index or absorption coefficient data will have been published. You might extract those from the published graphs or by requesting the data from the authors of the publications.
There is no formula that gives you the absorption coefficient vs energy (and hence wavelength) of a complicated material such as a perovskite. The data in the graph you've shown will have been experimentally measured, probably by spectroscopic ellipsometry.
You can download the refractive index data (from which the absorption coefficient can be calculated) of two perovskite compositions from here. https://www2.pvlighthouse.com.au/resources/photovoltaic%20materials/refractive%20index/refractive%20index.aspx
You'll find them under CH3NH3PbBr3 and CH3NH3PbI3.
There are many other types of perovskites for which refractive index or absorption coefficient data will have been published. You might extract those from the published graphs or by requesting the data from the authors of the publications.