Hello,

I am modeling the adhesion between a carbon fiber and a soft matrix by a CZM layer (Fig 1). Due to transversely cutting the elements, a compressive load sandwiches the elements (fiber and matrix with a CZM in between). A surface to surface contact pair using Penalty algorithm is used to avoid the penetration of the matrix into the fiber.

The results of Abaqus Explicit solver however show when the load is applied, either the CZM layer is distorted and penetrated into the fiber(master) or the matrix penetrates into the fiber.

To date, I have tried these approaches to solve these issues:

1) Trying to use a finer mesh for the slave elements (in this case the soft matrix) and the results again show the matrix percolates into the master surface.(Fig 2)

2) Aiming to implement kinematic contact algorithm. Having eliminated the matrix penetration issue, the CZM layer penetrated into the master surface.(Fig 3)

3) Since there is a considerable density and stiffness difference for the contact pair, I tried to increase the Penalty stiffness factor from 1 to 2 and 5 in the contact controls option. However, the results are the same as the kinematic approach. (Fig 3)

Thank you in advance for your fruitful recommendations for solving the problem.