Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals are common in water collected from surface sources and even in ground water. Is there any standard method of determining EDC's ?
The EDCs like BPA can be analyzed from water by GCMS technique. Only thing is one must have standard of EDC.
For EDC and pharmaceuticals analysis, solid-phase extraction followed by GC and tandem MS . This reduces sample volume and provides very good accuracy.
This is an interesting question. As for removal of EDCs and other similar personal care products and so called "emerging contaminants," a number of studies have shown that Ozone effectively removes some. Some recent work we completed in Florida, USA showed that peracetic acid (PAA) removes some of the contaminants as well. It is likely that many disinfectants that are strong oxidants would be able to remove many of the compounds as well. In my experience however, just detecting them can be difficult. Not too many standard commercial labs in the USA can do the work reliably. These are still research level work in many cases. Good luck.
Most EDCs are apolar so GC-MS-MS are the most robust specific analysis method. LC-MS-MS may work but it is more sensitive to matrix effect on the quantification and requires very skilled operators to give reliable results due to the sensitivity of ionizing these types of chemicals after the LC.
With GC-MS-MS it is possible to measure very low concentrations of EDC even in raw wastewater and sludge with not to expensive equipment.
Article Fate of Estrogens in a Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant
Since many EDC are industrial chemicals or plant or fungus derived compounds which are not intended to have an endocrine functions it is expected that more chemicals will be discovered to be EDC. Therefore is can also be considered to use bioassays for different endocrine receptors as screening tools and to make mass balances to check if the total endocrine effect measured corresponds to the expected from the chemical analysis of EDC.
This has been done a lot with wastewater and it is published repeatly, but the few surveys I know with drinking water were never published due to that no clear effects were found.
Article Endocrine potency of wastewater: Contents of endocrine disru...
LC -MS or GC-MS. Almost all advanced oxidation processes can remove EDCs from various water matrices (Fenton, photocatalysis, ozonation, electrochemical oxidation ,sonochemistry, etc.)
Hyper-Crosslinked hydrophobic adsorbents made from polystyrene-divinylybenzene copolymer have been shown to reduce estrogen type EDC by over 98% in isotherm studies
Prakash, you are welcome. I believe Professor R. Suri at Temple University (Philadelphia) has filed a patent application for it.
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