It is preferable to follow this subject in the studies of isotopes, especially carbon-13. The results indicate a relationship between the isotopic values of carbon 13C and the amount of water in the region for centuries ago. There has also been a marked decline in the availability of water from the Stone Age to the present time in three studied regions. Each climatic region has corresponding values of delta 13C to identify prevailing climatic conditions. The results of this study indicate that the barley plants were grown in earlier water conditions better than the current drought conditions. The archaeological discoveries in the Middle East have indicated that the climatic conditions prevailing in the old agriculture were cooler and wetter compared to current climatic conditions. This study also suggests a decrease in rainfall over the past three thousand years (Three millennia)
Thank you Bayan Hussien for time you took to reply. I agree with you that agricultural practice and crop parameters are a good measure.
However, I am trying to identify say for past decade or so, which year was nomenclature as wettest or driest. Is there any analysis/procedure that is documented ?
Climatological statistics based on cumulative daily anomalies of precipitation or soil moisture (if available daily) gives you the answer. I am applying this approach to evaluate drought in Belgium.
When you want to perform this approach spatially explicit you will have to have access to a database of meteorological stations, of which the yearly precipitation od SMC anomalies are spatially interpolated. This gives you a downright drought map for a certain ROI, for those variables which determine growth (or harvests) of crops or other plants.