As per my knowledge, there should be some interaction then only it get reduced. Pls. comment how reduction/removal/adsorption happens. What factors act as a driving force in interaction and removal of Cr(VI) element.
Simple absorption of negative ions such as PO42-- will cause neutralization of the charge. Similar effects take place in water treatment facilities every day of the year (expect here negatively charged biological material is precipitated with polyvalent ions such as Al3+) and froth flotation of minerals where negatively charged xanthate ions float positively charged galena, chalcopyrites and other minerals.
I am talking iron nanoparticles functionalized with organic molecules. If they have negative surface charge then how could they interact with chroimum at neutral pH.
Which of the materials you are using have negative charge? Iron nanopartcles or these NP after functionalization with organic molecule? What is the organic molecule you are using?
For such case it is possible that you have oxidation- reaction reaction between the chromate and the biomolecules you are using and not mere adsorption.Try to mix the chromate with these biomolecules in free state not fixed on iron NPs. If you see that the chromate disappears and instead you get Cr(III) at the end , then you have a redox reaction.