I found that this question has been asked before. See
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Does_anyone_have_information_or_references_about_the_Richard_Geigers_equation
It wasn't really answered then. But it appears to me to be similar to the cases where people asked about "Slovin's" formula. Any such "formula" when not just incorrect, would likely just be a special case of the general equation for sample size using a simple random sample, perhaps with or without a finite population correction (fpc) factor, and either for continuous data, or the equation for proportions. There is a chapter on that in Cochran(1977), Sampling Techniques, 3rd ed, Wiley, and other chapters then say how to carry this over to stratified random sampling, or cluster (random) sampling. Online there is help for the simple random sampling case at https://online.stat.psu.edu/stat415/lesson/6.
You should look at that material provided by Penn State, and forget about "Geiger."
Cheers - Jim
Ibrahim Said -
If your question is actually about a Geiger counter and alpha decay, what do you mean by an equation determining "sample size?" (Hans Wilhelm Geiger invented the Geiger counter, by the way.)
I don't know about the following source, but it gives a "Richard Geiger equation" for sample size, which at a glance looks like a special case of a simple random sample-based "formula" as I noted in my first response. That seems to go with the previous question on this on ResearchGate which I also noted above.
http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajnr/8/4/8/index.html
Also, it appears that Richard Geiger, unlike Johannes Geiger, may not have been/be a physicist.
PS - I found this on that source when I checked to see if it was legitimately open access:
"Science and Education Publishing, publisher of open access journals in the scientific, technical and medical fields."
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