How PD1 promote apoptosis in antispcific T-cells in lymph node where as suppress apoptosis in regulatory T- cells? How a single protein regulates differently in different cell types?
This is not a simple question. The easiest answer is to remember that cell signaling isn't in a vacuum, that means no one cell only receives ONE signal from one marker at a time. And a lot of intracellular signaling go through key regulators.. so.. it's situation and microenvironment dependent. A tumor microenvironment isn't the same as a lymph node. And an effector T cell isn't the same as a regulatory T cells. And a naive T cells isn't the same as a memory or effector cell. Let's through it plasicitiy to make it even more interesting :D
I can raise your question with an even more confusing one. TNFaRI is well known to signal TWO completely different pathways. How does the same receptor know which pathway to go for? There are lot of other receptors and agonists that have similar issues. And this is where the hypoethesis of the role of glycosylation comes in. Among others.
Hey,
PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is a feedback control of immune homeostasis between Treg cells and other immune cells including T cells, macrophages and neutrophils. Moreover, also infected cells and cancer cells highly express PD-L1 are involved in this pathway.
If you looking deeply to the pathway, I recommend you to read this paper published recently in nature.
Translational control of tumor immune escape via the eIF4F–STAT1–PD-L1 axis in melanoma
@Shen-an Hwang Thanks, sounds logical. So it's all about the microenvironment?
It's a combination of things, the microenvironment and the status of the cell that is receiving the signals.
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