How many cases of complications of influenza A(H1N1) in the form of meningitis or menigoencephalitis in the world
Abstract
Background
Influenza virus infection of the respiratory tract is associated with a range of neurologic complications. The emergence of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus has been linked to neurological complications, including encephalopathy and encephalitis.
Methods
Case report and literature review.
Results
We reviewed case management of a 20-year old Hispanic male who developed febrile upper respiratory tract signs and symptoms followed by a confusional state. He had rapid neurologic decline and his clinical course was complicated by refractory seizures and malignant brain edema. He was managed with oseltamavir and peramavir, corticosteroids, intravenous gamma globulin treatment, anticonvulsants, intracranial pressure management with external ventricular drain placement, hyperosmolar therapy, sedation, and mechanical ventilation. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis of nasal secretions confirmed 2009 H1N1 virus infection; cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was negative for 2009 H1N1 viral RNA. Follow-up imaging demonstrated improvement in brain edema but restricted diffusion in the basal ganglia. We provide a review of the clinical spectrum of neurologic complications of seasonal influenza and 2009 H1N1, and current approaches towards managing these complications.
Conclusions
2009 H1N1-associated acute encephalitis and encephalopathy appear to be variable in severity, including a subset of patients with a malignant clinical course complicated by high morbidity and mortality. Since the H1N1 influenza virus has not been detected in the CSF or brain tissue in patients with this diagnosis, the emerging view is that the host immune response plays a key role in pathogenesis.
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12028-010-9436-0
Worldwide... hard to say. It seems however that meningitis and/or encephalitis are not so common as an influenza complication. Some papers on this matter (on PubMed):
Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Mar;58(6):775-84. doi: 10.1093/cid/cit922. Epub 2013 Dec 18.
Neurological manifestations of influenza infection in children and adults: results of a National British Surveillance Study.
Goenka A1, Michael BD, Ledger E, Hart IJ, Absoud M, Chow G, Lilleker J, Lunn M, McKee D, Peake D, Pysden K, Roberts M, Carrol ED, Lim M, Avula S, Solomon T, Kneen R.
Eur J Pediatr. 2011 Aug;170(8):1007-15. doi: 10.1007/s00431-010-1392-3. Epub 2011 Jan 14.
Neurological complications of pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 infection: European case series and review.
Surana P1, Tang S, McDougall M, Tong CY, Menson E, Lim M.
Eur J Pediatr. 2011 Jun;170(6):779-88. doi: 10.1007/s00431-010-1352-y. Epub 2010 Nov 26.
Neurological complications of pandemic influenza (H1N1) in children.
Yildizdaş D1, Kendirli T, Arslanköylü AE, Horoz OO, Incecik F, Ince E, Ciftçi E.
Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Aug;55(4):514-20. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis454. Epub 2012 May 9.
A population-based study of neurologic manifestations of severe influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in California.
Glaser CA1, Winter K, DuBray K, Harriman K, Uyeki TM, Sejvar J, Gilliam S, Louie JK.
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