How is translation connected to project management? Because I have heard a lot of masters degree professors saying that there there is no relation between both fields and that project management can not be applied in translation.
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I think it depends on the type of translation you do.
For example, translating from Coptic, Sumerian, or Old Chinese into English requires research, analysis, time, and dedication. It is not something that you can put in Google Translator and that's it, you have the translation. Therefore, translating from those languages could be considered a project, with times, people in charge, coordinators, and results.
Now, not all people look at things with such a level of organization.
Anything you do in life that pursues an optimal result can be considered a project and will require management.
I think if project team members speak different languages and do not speak English or native language of the country where project is executed , then translator is key to the project success. This is because translation is part of project communication/stakeholder communication. PM needs to know who should be informed, when, at what frequency etc and develop a communication plan including role of translator. I am not sure I answered your question.
Good question. Project management, at its simplest, is a systematic manner in getting your work done. I assume in your translation studies you undertake etymological research (do correct me if I am mistaken here) or research into the culture influences language translations - inquiries like these and more. Every such research has a scope and limitations, some duration that you decide at the outset (which you may change later), maybe some kind of a budget, and perhaps some kind of agreement within the research team about how will be responsible for what part of the efforts involved.
I'm sure all of this is familiar to you and your instructors. If they have designed their research thus, and have conducted by applying a certain set of principles, process, and knowledge, they have applied project management in the pursuit of their work. Project management also allows for 'open-ended' scope, so that you can progressively elaborate your research scope as you gain more knowledge as your research more and more.