The external knee adduction moment is primarily calculated as the product of the resultant ground reaction force (GRF) in the frontal plane and the perpendicular distance from the GRF to the knee joint center of rotation termed the frontal plane lever arm. But in many studies, the Newton–Euler inverse dynamics method is used to calculate external knee adduction moment (for example: Russell EM, Hamill J .Lateral wedges decrease biomechanical risk factors for knee osteoarthritis in obese women. J Biomech. 2011 Aug 11;44(12):2286-91).

Is it the same as calculating the knee joint moment on the frontal plane or does it have a different formula??

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