How is COVID-19 an open system in the law of Thermodynamics?

More Angel Valdez's questions See All

How to solve the problem of unconscious teeth grinding during sleep at night?

One of my friends, every night after falling asleep, his mouth would make a creaking sound after chewing something. This teeth grinding condition would continue until he woke up, and he didn't...

08 August 2024 1,366 5 View

Is Galaxy.org good to use for research for analyzing data and for publication?

Hello all, I wanted to know, can I use galaxy (USA, Europe or Australia) platform for analyzing the shotgun data, and can it be used for publication purpose as well? Thanks :)

06 August 2024 6,610 4 View

How much total RNA concentration to be extracted from sorted plasma cells from bone marrow of C57BL/6 mice for RT-PCR ?

i have sorted anti-NP specific plasma cells from bone marrow of C57BL/6 mice at certain times after immunization with variable counts and isolated total RNA using TRIZOL method for RT-PCR using...

05 August 2024 8,835 1 View

How to send my account link and how to make my account public?

Nothing

01 August 2024 755 1 View

Transfection in HEK293T cells?

Dear All, I am trying to transfect a pCDNA3.1 vector containing my gene of interest. The purpose is to figure out the localization of the protein of interest. I have fused the protein with GFP on...

31 July 2024 9,892 4 View

Should Coefficient of Variation (CV) in a biological data necessarily be below 30%?

In a research, lesion diameter due to a disease has a CV below 10%. However, in an another parameter, disease inhibition percentage (compared to control), a value derived from lesion diameter...

27 July 2024 201 0 View

Non-parametric version of the wo-way repeated measures ANOVA?

Hi, can someone please help me with their expertise. To analyse a dataset with 2 IV´s (2 levels each) and 1 DV (time - measured at 4 points, i. e. 4 DV?) I found the two-way repeated measures...

24 July 2024 3,284 6 View

Is possible to edit a gene present in a plasmid by Crispr Cas9?

Hello everyone! Someone working with Crispr Cas9. I have a question. Is it possible to edit a gene that is present on a plasmid (in this case with a low copy number)? In this case, is it possible...

22 July 2024 7,073 2 View

How to determine tannin content in fodder pellets?

22 July 2024 8,163 3 View

To what extent are artificial intelligence techniques used to enhance science learning in schools in the Arab Gulf countries???

I want researchers who specialize in studying artificial intelligence in the field of science education and those related to it to give me information about the application of the...

18 July 2024 8,320 0 View

Could you recommend some articles on Urban Transportation System optimization and Innovation?

13 August 2024 2,595 3 View

E-commerce businesses, COVID-19 and Entrepreneurial Strategies (innovation, proactiveness and risk-taking)?

Hello: I am looking for articles that address e-commerce businesses and COVID-19 survivors, as well as Entrepreneurial strategies that reflect e-commerce businesses. Blessings Evelyn Dempsey

05 August 2024 5,332 3 View

Why do open and free science in a world where science is not open and free?

Because I have realized that the world tends more and more to do open and free science and there is a trend more and more to choose free databases, free tools and open access platforms.

01 August 2024 10,046 1 View

A Question about Phd thesis?

Hello everyone What is your opinion about the introduction of an expert decision support system in which the rules are extracted from existing data without human intervention, instead of being...

31 July 2024 5,785 4 View

After a lot of feature engineering for CTR modeling, it feels like it's basically the end of iteration? I mean, it's not cost-effective to keep doing?

After a lot of feature engineering for click-through rate modeling, it feels like it's basically the end of iteration? I mean, it's not cost-effective to keep doing it?

29 July 2024 4,955 0 View

How to use Desmond in HPC ?

Our department has recently acquired an HPC (High-Performance Computing) system, and I'm thrilled to take my molecular dynamics calculations to the next level using Desmond. I used to run my...

28 July 2024 6,553 1 View

Look for qualified candidates of Visiting Scholars to Southwest Jiaotong University?

We invite qualified candidates of Visiting Scholars to engage in research collaboration or deliver lectures on their research, with travel expenses covered. The visiting period is flexible,...

20 July 2024 1,165 1 View

Why not we are following sars COVID 19 guidance?

If the case of Irak is of December 2020 then i think I can suggest pl follow all the infection cause and death, already in our researchgate.

19 July 2024 3,356 2 View

How to combat antibiotic resistance?

The increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics has made many infections difficult to treat, posing not only a threat to public health but also a major challenge to healthcare systems worldwide.

18 July 2024 6,688 3 View

How to prepare bacterial conditioned media to study the effect of bacterial secretome?

I would like to investigate the effect of bacterial secretome on cancer cells. How do you prepare conditioned media from bacteria?? conditions- time points - media I am looking for the best way...

17 July 2024 3,785 9 View

Suraj Kapoor

COVID-19 is an open system in thermodynamics because it exchanges energy and matter with its surroundings during viral transmission and replication. The spread, infection, and recovery processes involve constant input and output of molecules, information, and energy. Human hosts and viruses interact biologically, chemically, and thermodynamically, maintaining nonequilibrium dynamics. This continuous interaction exemplifies the open system concept in the laws of thermodynamics

Jürgen Weippert

COVID-19 is the name of the infection; this is not a system in the sense of thermodynamics at all.

A coronavirus or a body infected with it would be an open system for the reasons Suraj Kapoor named.