I would like to suggest reading my book entitled "Electrical Energy Generation in Europe. The Current Situation and Perspectives in the Use of Renewable Energy Sources and Nuclear Power for Regional Electricity Generation" Springer, ISBN 978-3-319-16082-5, 2015.

This space will not be sufficient to speak in-depth about your question.

The European Union is progressing step by step towards its goal of carbon neutrality set in 2050, but the results so far have been bleak. This time around, the Ember think tank reveals auspicious results for achieving this goal: in all European countries, renewable energies were the primary source of electricity in the first half of 2020!

This is the first victory in what European Union leaders hope will be in a long series. For the first time, the production of electricity from renewable energies has overtaken energy production from fossil fuels. Wind, solar, hydro, and bioenergy thus produced 40% of electricity in the EU, while fossil fuels generated only 34% of European production. In detail, hydraulics produced 13% of electricity in the first half of the year and bioenergy 6%. Nothing foreshadowed this result, on the contrary. The coronavirus crisis and the sudden shutdown of the activity of many companies raised fears of the setting aside of green energies, hence the French government's haste to follow up measures and recovery plans in favor of the ecological transition. . So how do you explain this increase in the production of renewable energy? The share of renewable energies increased by 11%, in particular, thanks to new installations of wind turbines, solar panels, and climatic conditions "favorable during a mild and windy start to the year". As a result, solar and wind power reached 21% of total electricity production in Europe (in 2016, this was 13%), a "record". In Germany, these energies even represent 42% of electricity production, and in Denmark, this share is even higher, at 64%!

However, Ember points out that there is a difference between supply and demand, which needs to be revised to allow green energy to breakthrough.

This is not the only reason that made this record possible. In fact, fossil fuels at the same time fell by -18%. A decrease that Ember's experts explain by the increase in the production of renewable energies, but also by a -7% drop in electricity demand due to the Covid-19 crisis. Coal and gas production also fell by -32% and -6% respectively. This has notably enabled a -23% drop in CO2 emissions in the EU.

Regards

In this link you have found a book that will allow you to find what you want.

https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/energy-sustainability-transition-renewables-framings-complex-systems-and-social-practice