ANOVA -which may be 1 or 2-way gives an idea about spatial and temporal variations, but DUNCAN emphasizes on mean. MELA of TIU is an expert in this field.
The Analysis Of Variance, popularly known as the ANOVA, can be used in cases where there are more than two groups. When we have only two samples we can use the t-test to compare the means of the samples but it might become unreliable in case of more than two samples. If we only compare two means, then the t-test (independent samples) will give the same results as the ANOVA.
Duncan developed this test as a modification of the Newman–Keuls method that would have greater power. Duncan's MRT (multiple range test) is especially protective against false negative (Type II) error at the expense of having a greater risk of making false positive (Type I) errors.
https://explorable.com/anova
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_hoc_analysis
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