the crop I need to collect seed accessions is not indigenous, and the research is about to study acession variations:molecular, physiological and phenotypecal variation
There is no hard and fast rule for collection of accessions and distance in between. If, the crop is not indigenous, it might have been introduced in the region through cultivation of varieties mostly developed by other nations or regions to whom it belongs or variability is maintained in different collections for breeding purpose. While collection of accessions, you are not sure that plant population of an accession has same source or variety. If the crop, you are going to collect germplasm is self pollinated, chances of variability will be very less, if crop is often cross pollinated or highly cross pollinated, chances of getting variability will be more. because the population gets chances of random mating and variability is generated at its own. Even in the segregated population, lot of variability can be collected and stabilized. Therefore it is difficult to answer about the distance for collection of accessions.
Ya it is better to look your accessions very critically weather variation exists or not. Your critical phenotypic observation is very critical than distance. Becouse, accessions my be distributed indefinately.
It depends upon the crop you are studying and the geographical and agroecological zones you are covering. May be you can first do a preliminary survey about how much different varieties/accessions you can find in a particular area then you can determine the distance between two places from where you can collect accessions for your research.