Medical science has made significant progress in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes. Various approaches aim to manage the condition, including lifestyle modifications, oral medications, injectable drugs, and sometimes insulin therapy.

1. **Lifestyle Interventions:** Diet and exercise are crucial components. Weight management, a healthy diet, and regular physical activity can help control blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity.

2. **Oral Medications:** Several classes of oral medications are available, such as metformin, sulfonylureas, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors. These medications target different aspects of glucose regulation.

3. **Injectable Drugs:** Injectable medications, including GLP-1 receptor agonists and insulin, may be prescribed when oral medications alone are insufficient. GLP-1 receptor agonists stimulate insulin secretion and reduce glucagon production.

4. **Personalized Approaches:** Treatment plans are increasingly personalized based on factors like individual health, coexisting conditions, and patient preferences.

5. **Research and Innovation:** Ongoing research explores new medications, technologies (such as continuous glucose monitoring and closed-loop systems), and potential therapies to improve diabetes management.

While there is no cure for Type 2 diabetes, advancements in medical science continue to enhance the available treatment options, providing more effective and tailored approaches for individuals with the condition. Regular monitoring and collaboration between healthcare providers and patients remain essential for successful management.

DM-type2 is a genetic and leading to consequence of hyperinsulinemia to insulin resistance to DM-type2 !

Preprint I DEVISED MY FORMULA OF " HYPERINSULINEMIC RISK RATIO (HRR) ...

The only reason to treat any condition is to prevent disease. In the case of diabetes, this means more than just treating the blood sugar levels. One must MOST IMPORTANTLY get diabetics to stop smoking (if indeed they smoke) and get them to LOSE WEIGHT (if indeed they are obese). Naturally one must also lower blood sugar levels. Of course one must also treat associated dyslipidemia and hypertension. In diabetes dyslipidemia is best defined in terms of the LDL-c : HDL-c ratio and I prefer the Cholesterol retention Fraction, defined as (LDL-c minus HDL-c)?LDL-c.

Clinically best control is achievable with drugs / insulin in co operative and compliant patients. Reversal is as yet a pipe-dream.

I concur that reversal of Type I diabetes is not yet possible, but eliminating the atherothrombotic and microvascular risks of Type II diabetes is not only possible, but might be considered malpractice not to do so.

Hi Sir, this an overview of some potential advancements that were being investigated at the time:

GLP-1 receptor agonists: GLP-1 receptor agonists have shown effectiveness in managing blood sugar levels and promoting weight loss in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Ongoing research was focused on developing long-acting versions of these drugs and exploring their potential benefits in cardiovascular health and kidney disease. In other hand, SGLT2 inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in lowering blood sugar levels and reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes. Ongoing studies were investigating their long-term effects and potential benefits in heart failure and chronic kidney disease.

Also, Dual or triple therapy: Combining different classes of medications, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, has shown promise in achieving better glycemic control and improving cardiovascular outcomes. Further research was being conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these combination therapies.

Also, Researchers were exploring the development of new insulin formulations with improved pharmacokinetics, such as ultra-rapid-acting insulins and concentrated insulins, to provide more precise and convenient insulin administration.

Gene therapies: Gene therapies aimed at improving insulin production and glucose regulation were being investigated as potential long-term treatments for type 2 diabetes. These therapies involve modifying genes responsible for insulin production or signaling to address the underlying causes of the condition.

Artificial pancreas systems: Artificial pancreas systems, also known as closed-loop systems, combine continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with insulin pumps to automate insulin delivery based on real-time glucose readings. Ongoing research was focused on refining these systems to improve glucose control and reduce hypoglycemic events.

I hope this will help you.

BR

Hi,

Maybe this research can help you Article A Fuzzy Approach for Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Classification