The atoms are tied together by the socalled the interatomic forces. The interatomic forces are resulting from chemical bonding between the atoms. The chemical bonding itself is electrostatic in nature where the electrons are attracted to the nucleii of the adjacent atoms. There are four basic type of chemical bonding: The ionic bonding, the covalent bonding, netallic bonding and molecular bonding. The strongest one is the ionic bonding and the weakest one is the molecular bonding. The bond strength is the energy required to break the bond. As a consequence the materials can exist in three sates according to the interactomic forces: Gases, liquids and solids.

Only in case of solids when moving a solid body all its atoms are moving as one unit because the constituting atoms are held firmly together by the chemical bonding forces. This is like the movement of train where the atoms like the wagons and the interatomic forces like the coupling springs between them.

This is a a very short outline about the interatomic fornces.

Best wishes

Dear Mohammad,

The atoms of your hands never touch the atoms of the object and less the electrons in such a form that they could form an atomic bonding. The reason is due to the enormous strength electric interaction when your hand produces on the object and viceverse. Notice that the atoms don't need to be ionised because the multipolar electric arrangements produce van der Waals interactions which are much weaker than the Coulombic ones but enough for transmiting force between two bodies without need to touch their atoms. In fact this allows to form a kind of barrier between both surfaces and your mechanical force (much much weaker) can be transfered.

Following.

Thank you Professors Abd Alhalem and Daniel, I understand that atoms do not touch each other and types of ionic bonding, however my question is when I push an object how do the atoms get the energy for them to move all at one , and how does this even happen? does the energy spread around each single atom in less than fraction of a second ? and if this is true how the energy is making the atom move?

Dear Mohammad,

I thought that I had understand you when I responded in my previous answer. The solids have electric charges on the surface forming potential barriers where and external force is transmited.

Speaking in simple words, pushing just two atoms close to each other takes energy, as all their electrons need to go into unoccupied high-energy states. Trying to push all the solid-atoms and finger-atoms together demands an awful lot of energy – more than your muscles can supply. You feel that, as resistance to your finger, which is why and how the solid body feels solid to your touch.

Here is the key of the question when you said "takes energy" what do you mean by that how can an atom takes energy? What makes the atom gives energy to the other atom? How does it happen?

Dear Mohammad,

That is a good observation. The energy is given by the surfase of the finger. That is to say, the extra energy given to the atoms only can be taken by the van der Waals barriers scattering. This is a complex effect difficult to quantify but it seems easy to imagine how the motion of the barrier implies an excitation of the electrons in the bulk besides the ones of the surface in proportionately to the external force applied by the hand.

For seeing the difficulty implicit in this scattering you can see the scattering of just two atoms

https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/pram/087/01/0008

Chapter The Calculation of Van Der Waals Interactions

http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/gold/pdfs/teaching/van_der_waals.pdf