@ Shixin, in India we have to follow the procedure for storage, handling, and use of liquid ammonia. Generally, 80% of the ammonia produced by industry is used in agriculture as fertilizer. Ammonia is also used as a refrigerant gas, for purification of water supplies, and in the manufacture of plastics, explosives, textiles, pesticides, dyes and other chemicals.
In case of ammonia leakage, In event of a spill or leak, Flush exposed areas thoroughly with water immediately put on escape-type respirator and exit the area. Do NOT work alone with this product. Wear chemical protective clothing e.g. gloves, aprons, boots. In some operations: wear a chemical protective, full-body encapsulating suit and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Suitable materials include: butyl rubber, Viton Viton butyl rubber, Trellche HPS, Trellche VPS, Tychem.Wear chemical safety goggles. A face shield (with safety goggles) may also be necessary.
1. Ammonia Leakage sensor to be installed in ammonia area.
2. In case of outside call immediately fire fighting.
Ammonia is flammable. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive, and/or toxic gases. Never direct water jet straight at liquid ammonia. For small fires use dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Firefighting gear (including SCBA) does not provide adequate protection . If exposure occurs, remove and isolate gear immediately and thoroughly decontaminate personnel. Move container from fire area if you can do it without risk. Vapors are heavier than air and will collect in low areas. Vapors in confined areas may explode when exposed to fire. Vapors may travel long distances to ignition sources and flash back. Storage containers and parts of containers may rocket great distances, in many directions. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies. Do not put water on liquid ammonia: will increase evaporation. Small fires: dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Large fires: water spray, fog, or foam. Apply water gently to the surface. Do not get water inside container. From a secure explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increased in volume and pitch, tank discolors or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position. Isolate until gas has dispersed.