The list of keywords an author uses for his/her article, does it necessarily influence the probability of the article being accepted for publication and also does it affect the citation rate of the article after publishing?
Choose your paper’s keywords carefully. In an age of search engines and academic database searching, keywords in your publications are critical. Key words and phrases in the paper’s title and abstract are also useful for search purposes and improve the citations.
I don't think list of keywords will in anyway affect the probability of acceptance for a manuscript in a Journal outlet. Even if the keywords are not in correlation with the manuscript (or wrong), the reviewer may suggest/correct. It will be bizarre to accept or reject an article based on list of keywords ALONE.
However, these keywords alongside the title and abstract are the key to other researchers noticing our article(s) while using the search engines. Hence they may INDIRECTLY affect citations of our articles. Citation of articles is affected by various factors, ranging from article type, human preference, geographical etc. As much as having the right list of keywords is good, every other factor must also be in tandem with it to have a large number of citations.