Stimulated Brillouin Scattering is one of the ways to create the phenomenon of Optical Phase conjugation. It would be helpful if someone can provide the mechanism(if possible pedagogical notes) of how this conjugation occurs using SBS.
A simple way to look at it is to note that the SBS process is most efficient when both pump and Stokes (backscattered) intensities are high. The Stokes wave with the maximum SBS gain will thus be one whose regions of maximal intensity overlap the regions of maximum pump intensity.
On the other hand, both waves having similar speckle structures means that their wavefronts are also similar, since they have almost the same wavelength.
For the Stokes wave, the path presenting the most SBS gain will thus be the one for which its wavefront duplicates the pump's wavefront — namely, the phase conjugated one. Sufficientlly above threshold, the amplification of this particular Stokes wave will be efficient enough to deplete the pump and bring down below threshold any other Stokes component, yielding strong nonlinear filtering and excellent phase conjugation quality.
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